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f7c2a004 | 1 | /* $OpenBSD: auth-rsa.c,v 1.73 2008/07/02 12:03:51 dtucker Exp $ */ |
8efc0c15 | 2 | /* |
5260325f | 3 | * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi> |
5260325f | 4 | * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland |
5 | * All rights reserved | |
5260325f | 6 | * RSA-based authentication. This code determines whether to admit a login |
7 | * based on RSA authentication. This file also contains functions to check | |
8 | * validity of the host key. | |
6ae2364d | 9 | * |
bcbf86ec | 10 | * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software |
11 | * can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this | |
12 | * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is | |
13 | * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be | |
14 | * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell". | |
5260325f | 15 | */ |
8efc0c15 | 16 | |
17 | #include "includes.h" | |
4095f623 | 18 | |
19 | #include <sys/types.h> | |
20 | #include <sys/stat.h> | |
42f11eb2 | 21 | |
22 | #include <openssl/rsa.h> | |
23 | #include <openssl/md5.h> | |
8efc0c15 | 24 | |
b1842393 | 25 | #include <pwd.h> |
cf851879 | 26 | #include <stdio.h> |
24436b92 | 27 | #include <stdarg.h> |
00146caa | 28 | #include <string.h> |
b1842393 | 29 | |
31652869 | 30 | #include "xmalloc.h" |
8efc0c15 | 31 | #include "rsa.h" |
32 | #include "packet.h" | |
42f11eb2 | 33 | #include "ssh1.h" |
8efc0c15 | 34 | #include "uidswap.h" |
4fe2af09 | 35 | #include "match.h" |
31652869 | 36 | #include "buffer.h" |
38c295d6 | 37 | #include "auth-options.h" |
42f11eb2 | 38 | #include "pathnames.h" |
39 | #include "log.h" | |
40 | #include "servconf.h" | |
31652869 | 41 | #include "key.h" |
46df736f | 42 | #include "hostfile.h" |
31652869 | 43 | #include "auth.h" |
44 | #ifdef GSSAPI | |
45 | #include "ssh-gss.h" | |
46 | #endif | |
1853d1ef | 47 | #include "monitor_wrap.h" |
82b00264 | 48 | #include "ssh.h" |
41feb690 | 49 | #include "misc.h" |
94ec8c6b | 50 | |
51 | /* import */ | |
52 | extern ServerOptions options; | |
53 | ||
aa3378df | 54 | /* |
55 | * Session identifier that is used to bind key exchange and authentication | |
56 | * responses to a particular session. | |
57 | */ | |
1e3b8b07 | 58 | extern u_char session_id[16]; |
8efc0c15 | 59 | |
aa3378df | 60 | /* |
61 | * The .ssh/authorized_keys file contains public keys, one per line, in the | |
62 | * following format: | |
63 | * options bits e n comment | |
64 | * where bits, e and n are decimal numbers, | |
65 | * and comment is any string of characters up to newline. The maximum | |
ea067773 | 66 | * length of a line is SSH_MAX_PUBKEY_BYTES characters. See sshd(8) for a |
aa3378df | 67 | * description of the options. |
68 | */ | |
8efc0c15 | 69 | |
1853d1ef | 70 | BIGNUM * |
46f1eece | 71 | auth_rsa_generate_challenge(Key *key) |
72 | { | |
73 | BIGNUM *challenge; | |
74 | BN_CTX *ctx; | |
75 | ||
76 | if ((challenge = BN_new()) == NULL) | |
77 | fatal("auth_rsa_generate_challenge: BN_new() failed"); | |
78 | /* Generate a random challenge. */ | |
e516451d | 79 | if (BN_rand(challenge, 256, 0, 0) == 0) |
80 | fatal("auth_rsa_generate_challenge: BN_rand failed"); | |
46f1eece | 81 | if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) |
e516451d | 82 | fatal("auth_rsa_generate_challenge: BN_CTX_new failed"); |
83 | if (BN_mod(challenge, challenge, key->rsa->n, ctx) == 0) | |
84 | fatal("auth_rsa_generate_challenge: BN_mod failed"); | |
46f1eece | 85 | BN_CTX_free(ctx); |
86 | ||
87 | return challenge; | |
88 | } | |
89 | ||
1853d1ef | 90 | int |
46f1eece | 91 | auth_rsa_verify_response(Key *key, BIGNUM *challenge, u_char response[16]) |
92 | { | |
93 | u_char buf[32], mdbuf[16]; | |
94 | MD5_CTX md; | |
95 | int len; | |
96 | ||
52103b10 | 97 | /* don't allow short keys */ |
82b00264 | 98 | if (BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE) { |
b7ced7d1 | 99 | error("auth_rsa_verify_response: RSA modulus too small: %d < minimum %d bits", |
100 | BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n), SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE); | |
52103b10 | 101 | return (0); |
102 | } | |
103 | ||
46f1eece | 104 | /* The response is MD5 of decrypted challenge plus session id. */ |
105 | len = BN_num_bytes(challenge); | |
106 | if (len <= 0 || len > 32) | |
107 | fatal("auth_rsa_verify_response: bad challenge length %d", len); | |
108 | memset(buf, 0, 32); | |
109 | BN_bn2bin(challenge, buf + 32 - len); | |
110 | MD5_Init(&md); | |
111 | MD5_Update(&md, buf, 32); | |
112 | MD5_Update(&md, session_id, 16); | |
113 | MD5_Final(mdbuf, &md); | |
114 | ||
115 | /* Verify that the response is the original challenge. */ | |
116 | if (memcmp(response, mdbuf, 16) != 0) { | |
117 | /* Wrong answer. */ | |
118 | return (0); | |
119 | } | |
120 | /* Correct answer. */ | |
121 | return (1); | |
122 | } | |
123 | ||
aa3378df | 124 | /* |
125 | * Performs the RSA authentication challenge-response dialog with the client, | |
126 | * and returns true (non-zero) if the client gave the correct answer to | |
127 | * our challenge; returns zero if the client gives a wrong answer. | |
128 | */ | |
8efc0c15 | 129 | |
130 | int | |
46f1eece | 131 | auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(Key *key) |
8efc0c15 | 132 | { |
c8d54615 | 133 | BIGNUM *challenge, *encrypted_challenge; |
46f1eece | 134 | u_char response[16]; |
135 | int i, success; | |
5260325f | 136 | |
b775c6f2 | 137 | if ((encrypted_challenge = BN_new()) == NULL) |
138 | fatal("auth_rsa_challenge_dialog: BN_new() failed"); | |
5260325f | 139 | |
1853d1ef | 140 | challenge = PRIVSEP(auth_rsa_generate_challenge(key)); |
5260325f | 141 | |
5260325f | 142 | /* Encrypt the challenge with the public key. */ |
46f1eece | 143 | rsa_public_encrypt(encrypted_challenge, challenge, key->rsa); |
5260325f | 144 | |
145 | /* Send the encrypted challenge to the client. */ | |
146 | packet_start(SSH_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE); | |
147 | packet_put_bignum(encrypted_challenge); | |
148 | packet_send(); | |
c8d54615 | 149 | BN_clear_free(encrypted_challenge); |
5260325f | 150 | packet_write_wait(); |
151 | ||
c8d54615 | 152 | /* Wait for a response. */ |
54a5250f | 153 | packet_read_expect(SSH_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE); |
c8d54615 | 154 | for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) |
febd6f21 | 155 | response[i] = (u_char)packet_get_char(); |
95500969 | 156 | packet_check_eom(); |
c8d54615 | 157 | |
1853d1ef | 158 | success = PRIVSEP(auth_rsa_verify_response(key, challenge, response)); |
5260325f | 159 | BN_clear_free(challenge); |
46f1eece | 160 | return (success); |
8efc0c15 | 161 | } |
162 | ||
aa3378df | 163 | /* |
46f1eece | 164 | * check if there's user key matching client_n, |
165 | * return key if login is allowed, NULL otherwise | |
aa3378df | 166 | */ |
8efc0c15 | 167 | |
1853d1ef | 168 | int |
46f1eece | 169 | auth_rsa_key_allowed(struct passwd *pw, BIGNUM *client_n, Key **rkey) |
8efc0c15 | 170 | { |
ea067773 | 171 | char line[SSH_MAX_PUBKEY_BYTES], *file; |
1853d1ef | 172 | int allowed = 0; |
1e3b8b07 | 173 | u_int bits; |
5260325f | 174 | FILE *f; |
1e3b8b07 | 175 | u_long linenum = 0; |
46df736f | 176 | Key *key; |
94ec8c6b | 177 | |
5260325f | 178 | /* Temporarily use the user's uid. */ |
63bd8c36 | 179 | temporarily_use_uid(pw); |
5260325f | 180 | |
181 | /* The authorized keys. */ | |
c8445989 | 182 | file = authorized_keys_file(pw); |
183 | debug("trying public RSA key file %s", file); | |
f7c2a004 | 184 | f = auth_openkeyfile(file, pw, options.strict_modes); |
5260325f | 185 | if (!f) { |
c8445989 | 186 | xfree(file); |
c8445989 | 187 | restore_uid(); |
159897f3 | 188 | return (0); |
5260325f | 189 | } |
46f1eece | 190 | |
191 | /* Flag indicating whether the key is allowed. */ | |
192 | allowed = 0; | |
5260325f | 193 | |
46df736f | 194 | key = key_new(KEY_RSA1); |
5260325f | 195 | |
aa3378df | 196 | /* |
197 | * Go though the accepted keys, looking for the current key. If | |
198 | * found, perform a challenge-response dialog to verify that the | |
199 | * user really has the corresponding private key. | |
200 | */ | |
ea067773 | 201 | while (read_keyfile_line(f, file, line, sizeof(line), &linenum) != -1) { |
5260325f | 202 | char *cp; |
ca75d7de | 203 | char *key_options; |
2ceb8101 | 204 | int keybits; |
5260325f | 205 | |
aa3378df | 206 | /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */ |
207 | for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) | |
208 | ; | |
5260325f | 209 | if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') |
210 | continue; | |
211 | ||
aa3378df | 212 | /* |
213 | * Check if there are options for this key, and if so, | |
214 | * save their starting address and skip the option part | |
215 | * for now. If there are no options, set the starting | |
216 | * address to NULL. | |
217 | */ | |
5260325f | 218 | if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '9') { |
219 | int quoted = 0; | |
ca75d7de | 220 | key_options = cp; |
5260325f | 221 | for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) { |
222 | if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"') | |
223 | cp++; /* Skip both */ | |
224 | else if (*cp == '"') | |
225 | quoted = !quoted; | |
8efc0c15 | 226 | } |
5260325f | 227 | } else |
ca75d7de | 228 | key_options = NULL; |
5260325f | 229 | |
230 | /* Parse the key from the line. */ | |
46df736f | 231 | if (hostfile_read_key(&cp, &bits, key) == 0) { |
96a7b0cc | 232 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: non ssh1 key syntax", |
42f11eb2 | 233 | file, linenum); |
5260325f | 234 | continue; |
8efc0c15 | 235 | } |
5260325f | 236 | /* cp now points to the comment part. */ |
237 | ||
5260325f | 238 | /* Check if the we have found the desired key (identified by its modulus). */ |
46df736f | 239 | if (BN_cmp(key->rsa->n, client_n) != 0) |
aa3378df | 240 | continue; |
5260325f | 241 | |
57112b5a | 242 | /* check the real bits */ |
2ceb8101 | 243 | keybits = BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n); |
244 | if (keybits < 0 || bits != (u_int)keybits) | |
bbe88b6d | 245 | logit("Warning: %s, line %lu: keysize mismatch: " |
57112b5a | 246 | "actual %d vs. announced %d.", |
46df736f | 247 | file, linenum, BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n), bits); |
57112b5a | 248 | |
5260325f | 249 | /* We have found the desired key. */ |
d343d900 | 250 | /* |
251 | * If our options do not allow this key to be used, | |
252 | * do not send challenge. | |
253 | */ | |
ca75d7de | 254 | if (!auth_parse_options(pw, key_options, file, linenum)) |
d343d900 | 255 | continue; |
5260325f | 256 | |
46f1eece | 257 | /* break out, this key is allowed */ |
258 | allowed = 1; | |
33de75a3 | 259 | break; |
8efc0c15 | 260 | } |
261 | ||
5260325f | 262 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ |
263 | restore_uid(); | |
8efc0c15 | 264 | |
5260325f | 265 | /* Close the file. */ |
c8445989 | 266 | xfree(file); |
5260325f | 267 | fclose(f); |
8efc0c15 | 268 | |
46f1eece | 269 | /* return key if allowed */ |
270 | if (allowed && rkey != NULL) | |
271 | *rkey = key; | |
94ec8c6b | 272 | else |
46f1eece | 273 | key_free(key); |
274 | return (allowed); | |
275 | } | |
276 | ||
277 | /* | |
278 | * Performs the RSA authentication dialog with the client. This returns | |
279 | * 0 if the client could not be authenticated, and 1 if authentication was | |
280 | * successful. This may exit if there is a serious protocol violation. | |
281 | */ | |
282 | int | |
fdaef11e | 283 | auth_rsa(Authctxt *authctxt, BIGNUM *client_n) |
46f1eece | 284 | { |
285 | Key *key; | |
286 | char *fp; | |
fdaef11e | 287 | struct passwd *pw = authctxt->pw; |
46f1eece | 288 | |
289 | /* no user given */ | |
fdaef11e | 290 | if (!authctxt->valid) |
46f1eece | 291 | return 0; |
292 | ||
1853d1ef | 293 | if (!PRIVSEP(auth_rsa_key_allowed(pw, client_n, &key))) { |
94ec8c6b | 294 | auth_clear_options(); |
46f1eece | 295 | return (0); |
296 | } | |
297 | ||
298 | /* Perform the challenge-response dialog for this key. */ | |
299 | if (!auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(key)) { | |
300 | /* Wrong response. */ | |
301 | verbose("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
302 | packet_send_debug("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
303 | /* | |
304 | * Break out of the loop. Otherwise we might send | |
305 | * another challenge and break the protocol. | |
306 | */ | |
307 | key_free(key); | |
308 | return (0); | |
309 | } | |
310 | /* | |
311 | * Correct response. The client has been successfully | |
312 | * authenticated. Note that we have not yet processed the | |
313 | * options; this will be reset if the options cause the | |
314 | * authentication to be rejected. | |
315 | */ | |
316 | fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX); | |
317 | verbose("Found matching %s key: %s", | |
318 | key_type(key), fp); | |
319 | xfree(fp); | |
320 | key_free(key); | |
8efc0c15 | 321 | |
46f1eece | 322 | packet_send_debug("RSA authentication accepted."); |
323 | return (1); | |
8efc0c15 | 324 | } |