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8efc0c15 | 1 | /* |
5260325f | 2 | * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi> |
5260325f | 3 | * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland |
4 | * All rights reserved | |
5260325f | 5 | * RSA-based authentication. This code determines whether to admit a login |
6 | * based on RSA authentication. This file also contains functions to check | |
7 | * validity of the host key. | |
6ae2364d | 8 | * |
bcbf86ec | 9 | * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software |
10 | * can be used freely for any purpose. Any derived versions of this | |
11 | * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is | |
12 | * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be | |
13 | * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell". | |
5260325f | 14 | */ |
8efc0c15 | 15 | |
16 | #include "includes.h" | |
8bbf1fa6 | 17 | RCSID("$OpenBSD: auth-rsa.c,v 1.59 2004/05/09 01:19:27 djm Exp $"); |
42f11eb2 | 18 | |
19 | #include <openssl/rsa.h> | |
20 | #include <openssl/md5.h> | |
8efc0c15 | 21 | |
22 | #include "rsa.h" | |
23 | #include "packet.h" | |
24 | #include "xmalloc.h" | |
42f11eb2 | 25 | #include "ssh1.h" |
8efc0c15 | 26 | #include "uidswap.h" |
4fe2af09 | 27 | #include "match.h" |
38c295d6 | 28 | #include "auth-options.h" |
42f11eb2 | 29 | #include "pathnames.h" |
30 | #include "log.h" | |
31 | #include "servconf.h" | |
32 | #include "auth.h" | |
46df736f | 33 | #include "hostfile.h" |
1853d1ef | 34 | #include "monitor_wrap.h" |
82b00264 | 35 | #include "ssh.h" |
94ec8c6b | 36 | |
37 | /* import */ | |
38 | extern ServerOptions options; | |
39 | ||
aa3378df | 40 | /* |
41 | * Session identifier that is used to bind key exchange and authentication | |
42 | * responses to a particular session. | |
43 | */ | |
1e3b8b07 | 44 | extern u_char session_id[16]; |
8efc0c15 | 45 | |
aa3378df | 46 | /* |
47 | * The .ssh/authorized_keys file contains public keys, one per line, in the | |
48 | * following format: | |
49 | * options bits e n comment | |
50 | * where bits, e and n are decimal numbers, | |
51 | * and comment is any string of characters up to newline. The maximum | |
52 | * length of a line is 8000 characters. See the documentation for a | |
53 | * description of the options. | |
54 | */ | |
8efc0c15 | 55 | |
1853d1ef | 56 | BIGNUM * |
46f1eece | 57 | auth_rsa_generate_challenge(Key *key) |
58 | { | |
59 | BIGNUM *challenge; | |
60 | BN_CTX *ctx; | |
61 | ||
62 | if ((challenge = BN_new()) == NULL) | |
63 | fatal("auth_rsa_generate_challenge: BN_new() failed"); | |
64 | /* Generate a random challenge. */ | |
65 | BN_rand(challenge, 256, 0, 0); | |
66 | if ((ctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) | |
67 | fatal("auth_rsa_generate_challenge: BN_CTX_new() failed"); | |
68 | BN_mod(challenge, challenge, key->rsa->n, ctx); | |
69 | BN_CTX_free(ctx); | |
70 | ||
71 | return challenge; | |
72 | } | |
73 | ||
1853d1ef | 74 | int |
46f1eece | 75 | auth_rsa_verify_response(Key *key, BIGNUM *challenge, u_char response[16]) |
76 | { | |
77 | u_char buf[32], mdbuf[16]; | |
78 | MD5_CTX md; | |
79 | int len; | |
80 | ||
52103b10 | 81 | /* don't allow short keys */ |
82b00264 | 82 | if (BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE) { |
b7ced7d1 | 83 | error("auth_rsa_verify_response: RSA modulus too small: %d < minimum %d bits", |
84 | BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n), SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE); | |
52103b10 | 85 | return (0); |
86 | } | |
87 | ||
46f1eece | 88 | /* The response is MD5 of decrypted challenge plus session id. */ |
89 | len = BN_num_bytes(challenge); | |
90 | if (len <= 0 || len > 32) | |
91 | fatal("auth_rsa_verify_response: bad challenge length %d", len); | |
92 | memset(buf, 0, 32); | |
93 | BN_bn2bin(challenge, buf + 32 - len); | |
94 | MD5_Init(&md); | |
95 | MD5_Update(&md, buf, 32); | |
96 | MD5_Update(&md, session_id, 16); | |
97 | MD5_Final(mdbuf, &md); | |
98 | ||
99 | /* Verify that the response is the original challenge. */ | |
100 | if (memcmp(response, mdbuf, 16) != 0) { | |
101 | /* Wrong answer. */ | |
102 | return (0); | |
103 | } | |
104 | /* Correct answer. */ | |
105 | return (1); | |
106 | } | |
107 | ||
aa3378df | 108 | /* |
109 | * Performs the RSA authentication challenge-response dialog with the client, | |
110 | * and returns true (non-zero) if the client gave the correct answer to | |
111 | * our challenge; returns zero if the client gives a wrong answer. | |
112 | */ | |
8efc0c15 | 113 | |
114 | int | |
46f1eece | 115 | auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(Key *key) |
8efc0c15 | 116 | { |
c8d54615 | 117 | BIGNUM *challenge, *encrypted_challenge; |
46f1eece | 118 | u_char response[16]; |
119 | int i, success; | |
5260325f | 120 | |
b775c6f2 | 121 | if ((encrypted_challenge = BN_new()) == NULL) |
122 | fatal("auth_rsa_challenge_dialog: BN_new() failed"); | |
5260325f | 123 | |
1853d1ef | 124 | challenge = PRIVSEP(auth_rsa_generate_challenge(key)); |
5260325f | 125 | |
5260325f | 126 | /* Encrypt the challenge with the public key. */ |
46f1eece | 127 | rsa_public_encrypt(encrypted_challenge, challenge, key->rsa); |
5260325f | 128 | |
129 | /* Send the encrypted challenge to the client. */ | |
130 | packet_start(SSH_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE); | |
131 | packet_put_bignum(encrypted_challenge); | |
132 | packet_send(); | |
c8d54615 | 133 | BN_clear_free(encrypted_challenge); |
5260325f | 134 | packet_write_wait(); |
135 | ||
c8d54615 | 136 | /* Wait for a response. */ |
54a5250f | 137 | packet_read_expect(SSH_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE); |
c8d54615 | 138 | for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) |
139 | response[i] = packet_get_char(); | |
95500969 | 140 | packet_check_eom(); |
c8d54615 | 141 | |
1853d1ef | 142 | success = PRIVSEP(auth_rsa_verify_response(key, challenge, response)); |
5260325f | 143 | BN_clear_free(challenge); |
46f1eece | 144 | return (success); |
8efc0c15 | 145 | } |
146 | ||
aa3378df | 147 | /* |
46f1eece | 148 | * check if there's user key matching client_n, |
149 | * return key if login is allowed, NULL otherwise | |
aa3378df | 150 | */ |
8efc0c15 | 151 | |
1853d1ef | 152 | int |
46f1eece | 153 | auth_rsa_key_allowed(struct passwd *pw, BIGNUM *client_n, Key **rkey) |
8efc0c15 | 154 | { |
c8445989 | 155 | char line[8192], *file; |
1853d1ef | 156 | int allowed = 0; |
1e3b8b07 | 157 | u_int bits; |
5260325f | 158 | FILE *f; |
1e3b8b07 | 159 | u_long linenum = 0; |
5260325f | 160 | struct stat st; |
46df736f | 161 | Key *key; |
94ec8c6b | 162 | |
5260325f | 163 | /* Temporarily use the user's uid. */ |
63bd8c36 | 164 | temporarily_use_uid(pw); |
5260325f | 165 | |
166 | /* The authorized keys. */ | |
c8445989 | 167 | file = authorized_keys_file(pw); |
168 | debug("trying public RSA key file %s", file); | |
5260325f | 169 | |
170 | /* Fail quietly if file does not exist */ | |
171 | if (stat(file, &st) < 0) { | |
172 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
173 | restore_uid(); | |
c8445989 | 174 | xfree(file); |
159897f3 | 175 | return (0); |
8efc0c15 | 176 | } |
5260325f | 177 | /* Open the file containing the authorized keys. */ |
178 | f = fopen(file, "r"); | |
179 | if (!f) { | |
180 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
181 | restore_uid(); | |
c8445989 | 182 | xfree(file); |
159897f3 | 183 | return (0); |
8efc0c15 | 184 | } |
c8445989 | 185 | if (options.strict_modes && |
6978866a | 186 | secure_filename(f, file, pw, line, sizeof(line)) != 0) { |
c8445989 | 187 | xfree(file); |
188 | fclose(f); | |
bbe88b6d | 189 | logit("Authentication refused: %s", line); |
c8445989 | 190 | restore_uid(); |
159897f3 | 191 | return (0); |
5260325f | 192 | } |
46f1eece | 193 | |
194 | /* Flag indicating whether the key is allowed. */ | |
195 | allowed = 0; | |
5260325f | 196 | |
46df736f | 197 | key = key_new(KEY_RSA1); |
5260325f | 198 | |
aa3378df | 199 | /* |
200 | * Go though the accepted keys, looking for the current key. If | |
201 | * found, perform a challenge-response dialog to verify that the | |
202 | * user really has the corresponding private key. | |
203 | */ | |
5260325f | 204 | while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) { |
205 | char *cp; | |
206 | char *options; | |
207 | ||
208 | linenum++; | |
209 | ||
aa3378df | 210 | /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */ |
211 | for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) | |
212 | ; | |
5260325f | 213 | if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') |
214 | continue; | |
215 | ||
aa3378df | 216 | /* |
217 | * Check if there are options for this key, and if so, | |
218 | * save their starting address and skip the option part | |
219 | * for now. If there are no options, set the starting | |
220 | * address to NULL. | |
221 | */ | |
5260325f | 222 | if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '9') { |
223 | int quoted = 0; | |
224 | options = cp; | |
225 | for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) { | |
226 | if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"') | |
227 | cp++; /* Skip both */ | |
228 | else if (*cp == '"') | |
229 | quoted = !quoted; | |
8efc0c15 | 230 | } |
5260325f | 231 | } else |
232 | options = NULL; | |
233 | ||
234 | /* Parse the key from the line. */ | |
46df736f | 235 | if (hostfile_read_key(&cp, &bits, key) == 0) { |
96a7b0cc | 236 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: non ssh1 key syntax", |
42f11eb2 | 237 | file, linenum); |
5260325f | 238 | continue; |
8efc0c15 | 239 | } |
5260325f | 240 | /* cp now points to the comment part. */ |
241 | ||
5260325f | 242 | /* Check if the we have found the desired key (identified by its modulus). */ |
46df736f | 243 | if (BN_cmp(key->rsa->n, client_n) != 0) |
aa3378df | 244 | continue; |
5260325f | 245 | |
57112b5a | 246 | /* check the real bits */ |
46df736f | 247 | if (bits != BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n)) |
bbe88b6d | 248 | logit("Warning: %s, line %lu: keysize mismatch: " |
57112b5a | 249 | "actual %d vs. announced %d.", |
46df736f | 250 | file, linenum, BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n), bits); |
57112b5a | 251 | |
5260325f | 252 | /* We have found the desired key. */ |
d343d900 | 253 | /* |
254 | * If our options do not allow this key to be used, | |
255 | * do not send challenge. | |
256 | */ | |
42f11eb2 | 257 | if (!auth_parse_options(pw, options, file, linenum)) |
d343d900 | 258 | continue; |
5260325f | 259 | |
46f1eece | 260 | /* break out, this key is allowed */ |
261 | allowed = 1; | |
33de75a3 | 262 | break; |
8efc0c15 | 263 | } |
264 | ||
5260325f | 265 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ |
266 | restore_uid(); | |
8efc0c15 | 267 | |
5260325f | 268 | /* Close the file. */ |
c8445989 | 269 | xfree(file); |
5260325f | 270 | fclose(f); |
8efc0c15 | 271 | |
46f1eece | 272 | /* return key if allowed */ |
273 | if (allowed && rkey != NULL) | |
274 | *rkey = key; | |
94ec8c6b | 275 | else |
46f1eece | 276 | key_free(key); |
277 | return (allowed); | |
278 | } | |
279 | ||
280 | /* | |
281 | * Performs the RSA authentication dialog with the client. This returns | |
282 | * 0 if the client could not be authenticated, and 1 if authentication was | |
283 | * successful. This may exit if there is a serious protocol violation. | |
284 | */ | |
285 | int | |
fdaef11e | 286 | auth_rsa(Authctxt *authctxt, BIGNUM *client_n) |
46f1eece | 287 | { |
288 | Key *key; | |
289 | char *fp; | |
fdaef11e | 290 | struct passwd *pw = authctxt->pw; |
46f1eece | 291 | |
292 | /* no user given */ | |
fdaef11e | 293 | if (!authctxt->valid) |
46f1eece | 294 | return 0; |
295 | ||
1853d1ef | 296 | if (!PRIVSEP(auth_rsa_key_allowed(pw, client_n, &key))) { |
94ec8c6b | 297 | auth_clear_options(); |
46f1eece | 298 | return (0); |
299 | } | |
300 | ||
301 | /* Perform the challenge-response dialog for this key. */ | |
302 | if (!auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(key)) { | |
303 | /* Wrong response. */ | |
304 | verbose("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
305 | packet_send_debug("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
306 | /* | |
307 | * Break out of the loop. Otherwise we might send | |
308 | * another challenge and break the protocol. | |
309 | */ | |
310 | key_free(key); | |
311 | return (0); | |
312 | } | |
313 | /* | |
314 | * Correct response. The client has been successfully | |
315 | * authenticated. Note that we have not yet processed the | |
316 | * options; this will be reset if the options cause the | |
317 | * authentication to be rejected. | |
318 | */ | |
319 | fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX); | |
320 | verbose("Found matching %s key: %s", | |
321 | key_type(key), fp); | |
322 | xfree(fp); | |
323 | key_free(key); | |
8efc0c15 | 324 | |
46f1eece | 325 | packet_send_debug("RSA authentication accepted."); |
326 | return (1); | |
8efc0c15 | 327 | } |