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8efc0c15 | 1 | /* |
2 | ||
3 | auth-rsa.c | |
4 | ||
5 | Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi> | |
6 | ||
7 | Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland | |
8 | All rights reserved | |
9 | ||
10 | Created: Mon Mar 27 01:46:52 1995 ylo | |
11 | ||
12 | RSA-based authentication. This code determines whether to admit a login | |
13 | based on RSA authentication. This file also contains functions to check | |
14 | validity of the host key. | |
15 | ||
16 | */ | |
17 | ||
18 | #include "includes.h" | |
19 | RCSID("$Id$"); | |
20 | ||
21 | #include "rsa.h" | |
22 | #include "packet.h" | |
23 | #include "xmalloc.h" | |
24 | #include "ssh.h" | |
25 | #include "mpaux.h" | |
26 | #include "uidswap.h" | |
6fa724bc | 27 | #include "servconf.h" |
8efc0c15 | 28 | |
5881cd60 | 29 | #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL |
8efc0c15 | 30 | #include <openssl/rsa.h> |
31 | #include <openssl/md5.h> | |
5881cd60 | 32 | #endif |
33 | #ifdef HAVE_SSL | |
34 | #include <ssl/rsa.h> | |
35 | #include <ssl/md5.h> | |
36 | #endif | |
8efc0c15 | 37 | |
38 | /* Flags that may be set in authorized_keys options. */ | |
39 | extern int no_port_forwarding_flag; | |
40 | extern int no_agent_forwarding_flag; | |
41 | extern int no_x11_forwarding_flag; | |
42 | extern int no_pty_flag; | |
43 | extern char *forced_command; | |
44 | extern struct envstring *custom_environment; | |
45 | ||
46 | /* Session identifier that is used to bind key exchange and authentication | |
47 | responses to a particular session. */ | |
48 | extern unsigned char session_id[16]; | |
49 | ||
50 | /* The .ssh/authorized_keys file contains public keys, one per line, in the | |
51 | following format: | |
52 | options bits e n comment | |
53 | where bits, e and n are decimal numbers, | |
54 | and comment is any string of characters up to newline. The maximum | |
55 | length of a line is 8000 characters. See the documentation for a | |
56 | description of the options. | |
57 | */ | |
58 | ||
59 | /* Performs the RSA authentication challenge-response dialog with the client, | |
60 | and returns true (non-zero) if the client gave the correct answer to | |
61 | our challenge; returns zero if the client gives a wrong answer. */ | |
62 | ||
63 | int | |
4d195447 | 64 | auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(BIGNUM *e, BIGNUM *n) |
8efc0c15 | 65 | { |
66 | BIGNUM *challenge, *encrypted_challenge, *aux; | |
67 | RSA *pk; | |
68 | BN_CTX *ctx = BN_CTX_new(); | |
69 | unsigned char buf[32], mdbuf[16], response[16]; | |
70 | MD5_CTX md; | |
71 | unsigned int i; | |
72 | int plen, len; | |
73 | ||
74 | encrypted_challenge = BN_new(); | |
75 | challenge = BN_new(); | |
76 | aux = BN_new(); | |
77 | ||
78 | /* Generate a random challenge. */ | |
79 | BN_rand(challenge, 256, 0, 0); | |
80 | BN_mod(challenge, challenge, n, ctx); | |
81 | ||
82 | /* Create the public key data structure. */ | |
83 | pk = RSA_new(); | |
84 | pk->e = BN_new(); | |
85 | BN_copy(pk->e, e); | |
86 | pk->n = BN_new(); | |
87 | BN_copy(pk->n, n); | |
88 | ||
89 | /* Encrypt the challenge with the public key. */ | |
90 | rsa_public_encrypt(encrypted_challenge, challenge, pk); | |
91 | RSA_free(pk); | |
92 | ||
93 | /* Send the encrypted challenge to the client. */ | |
94 | packet_start(SSH_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE); | |
95 | packet_put_bignum(encrypted_challenge); | |
96 | packet_send(); | |
97 | packet_write_wait(); | |
98 | ||
99 | /* The response is MD5 of decrypted challenge plus session id. */ | |
100 | len = BN_num_bytes(challenge); | |
5bae4ab8 | 101 | if (len <= 0 || len > 32) |
102 | fatal("auth_rsa_challenge_dialog: bad challenge length %d", len); | |
8efc0c15 | 103 | memset(buf, 0, 32); |
104 | BN_bn2bin(challenge, buf + 32 - len); | |
105 | MD5_Init(&md); | |
106 | MD5_Update(&md, buf, 32); | |
107 | MD5_Update(&md, session_id, 16); | |
108 | MD5_Final(mdbuf, &md); | |
109 | ||
110 | /* We will no longer need these. */ | |
111 | BN_clear_free(encrypted_challenge); | |
112 | BN_clear_free(challenge); | |
113 | BN_clear_free(aux); | |
114 | BN_CTX_free(ctx); | |
115 | ||
116 | /* Wait for a response. */ | |
117 | packet_read_expect(&plen, SSH_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE); | |
118 | packet_integrity_check(plen, 16, SSH_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE); | |
119 | for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) | |
120 | response[i] = packet_get_char(); | |
121 | ||
122 | /* Verify that the response is the original challenge. */ | |
123 | if (memcmp(response, mdbuf, 16) != 0) | |
124 | { | |
125 | /* Wrong answer. */ | |
126 | return 0; | |
127 | } | |
128 | ||
129 | /* Correct answer. */ | |
130 | return 1; | |
131 | } | |
132 | ||
133 | /* Performs the RSA authentication dialog with the client. This returns | |
134 | 0 if the client could not be authenticated, and 1 if authentication was | |
135 | successful. This may exit if there is a serious protocol violation. */ | |
136 | ||
137 | int | |
6fa724bc | 138 | auth_rsa(struct passwd *pw, BIGNUM *client_n) |
8efc0c15 | 139 | { |
6fa724bc | 140 | extern ServerOptions options; |
4d195447 | 141 | char line[8192], file[1024]; |
8efc0c15 | 142 | int authenticated; |
143 | unsigned int bits; | |
144 | FILE *f; | |
145 | unsigned long linenum = 0; | |
146 | struct stat st; | |
147 | BIGNUM *e, *n; | |
148 | ||
149 | /* Temporarily use the user's uid. */ | |
150 | temporarily_use_uid(pw->pw_uid); | |
151 | ||
152 | /* The authorized keys. */ | |
4d195447 | 153 | snprintf(file, sizeof file, "%.500s/%.100s", pw->pw_dir, |
8efc0c15 | 154 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS); |
155 | ||
156 | /* Fail quietly if file does not exist */ | |
4d195447 | 157 | if (stat(file, &st) < 0) |
8efc0c15 | 158 | { |
159 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
160 | restore_uid(); | |
161 | return 0; | |
162 | } | |
163 | ||
164 | /* Open the file containing the authorized keys. */ | |
4d195447 | 165 | f = fopen(file, "r"); |
8efc0c15 | 166 | if (!f) |
167 | { | |
168 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
169 | restore_uid(); | |
4d195447 | 170 | packet_send_debug("Could not open %.900s for reading.", file); |
8efc0c15 | 171 | packet_send_debug("If your home is on an NFS volume, it may need to be world-readable."); |
172 | return 0; | |
173 | } | |
174 | ||
6fa724bc | 175 | if (options.strict_modes) { |
8efc0c15 | 176 | int fail=0; |
177 | char buf[1024]; | |
178 | /* Check open file in order to avoid open/stat races */ | |
179 | if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0 || | |
180 | (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) || | |
181 | (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) { | |
182 | snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "RSA authentication refused for %.100s: " | |
4d195447 | 183 | "bad ownership or modes for '%s'.", pw->pw_name, file); |
8efc0c15 | 184 | fail=1; |
185 | }else{ | |
186 | /* Check path to SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS */ | |
187 | int i; | |
188 | static const char *check[] = { | |
189 | "", SSH_USER_DIR, NULL | |
190 | }; | |
191 | for (i=0; check[i]; i++) { | |
192 | snprintf(line, sizeof line, "%.500s/%.100s", pw->pw_dir, check[i]); | |
193 | if (stat(line, &st) < 0 || | |
194 | (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) || | |
195 | (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) { | |
196 | snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "RSA authentication refused for %.100s: " | |
197 | "bad ownership or modes for '%s'.", pw->pw_name, line); | |
198 | fail=1; | |
199 | break; | |
200 | } | |
201 | } | |
202 | } | |
203 | if (fail) { | |
204 | log(buf); | |
205 | packet_send_debug(buf); | |
206 | restore_uid(); | |
207 | return 0; | |
208 | } | |
209 | } | |
210 | ||
211 | /* Flag indicating whether authentication has succeeded. */ | |
212 | authenticated = 0; | |
213 | ||
214 | /* Initialize mp-int variables. */ | |
215 | e = BN_new(); | |
216 | n = BN_new(); | |
217 | ||
218 | /* Go though the accepted keys, looking for the current key. If found, | |
219 | perform a challenge-response dialog to verify that the user really has | |
220 | the corresponding private key. */ | |
221 | while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) | |
222 | { | |
223 | char *cp; | |
224 | char *options; | |
225 | ||
226 | linenum++; | |
227 | ||
228 | /* Skip leading whitespace. */ | |
229 | for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) | |
230 | ; | |
231 | ||
232 | /* Skip empty and comment lines. */ | |
233 | if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') | |
234 | continue; | |
235 | ||
236 | /* Check if there are options for this key, and if so, save their | |
237 | starting address and skip the option part for now. If there are no | |
238 | options, set the starting address to NULL. */ | |
239 | if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '9') | |
240 | { | |
241 | int quoted = 0; | |
242 | options = cp; | |
243 | for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) | |
244 | { | |
245 | if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"') | |
246 | cp++; /* Skip both */ | |
247 | else | |
248 | if (*cp == '"') | |
249 | quoted = !quoted; | |
250 | } | |
251 | } | |
252 | else | |
253 | options = NULL; | |
254 | ||
255 | /* Parse the key from the line. */ | |
256 | if (!auth_rsa_read_key(&cp, &bits, e, n)) | |
257 | { | |
258 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: bad key syntax", | |
259 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
260 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: bad key syntax", | |
261 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
262 | continue; | |
263 | } | |
264 | /* cp now points to the comment part. */ | |
265 | ||
4d195447 | 266 | /* check the real bits */ |
267 | if (bits != BN_num_bits(n)) | |
2ad77510 | 268 | error("Warning: error in %s, line %ld: keysize mismatch: " |
4d195447 | 269 | "actual size %d vs. announced %d.", |
270 | file, linenum, BN_num_bits(n), bits); | |
271 | ||
8efc0c15 | 272 | /* Check if the we have found the desired key (identified by its |
273 | modulus). */ | |
274 | if (BN_cmp(n, client_n) != 0) | |
275 | continue; /* Wrong key. */ | |
276 | ||
277 | /* We have found the desired key. */ | |
278 | ||
279 | /* Perform the challenge-response dialog for this key. */ | |
4d195447 | 280 | if (!auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(e, n)) |
8efc0c15 | 281 | { |
282 | /* Wrong response. */ | |
283 | log("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
284 | packet_send_debug("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
285 | continue; | |
286 | } | |
287 | ||
288 | /* Correct response. The client has been successfully authenticated. | |
289 | Note that we have not yet processed the options; this will be reset | |
290 | if the options cause the authentication to be rejected. */ | |
291 | authenticated = 1; | |
292 | ||
293 | /* RSA part of authentication was accepted. Now process the options. */ | |
294 | if (options) | |
295 | { | |
296 | while (*options && *options != ' ' && *options != '\t') | |
297 | { | |
298 | cp = "no-port-forwarding"; | |
299 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
300 | { | |
301 | packet_send_debug("Port forwarding disabled."); | |
302 | no_port_forwarding_flag = 1; | |
303 | options += strlen(cp); | |
304 | goto next_option; | |
305 | } | |
306 | cp = "no-agent-forwarding"; | |
307 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
308 | { | |
309 | packet_send_debug("Agent forwarding disabled."); | |
310 | no_agent_forwarding_flag = 1; | |
311 | options += strlen(cp); | |
312 | goto next_option; | |
313 | } | |
314 | cp = "no-X11-forwarding"; | |
315 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
316 | { | |
317 | packet_send_debug("X11 forwarding disabled."); | |
318 | no_x11_forwarding_flag = 1; | |
319 | options += strlen(cp); | |
320 | goto next_option; | |
321 | } | |
322 | cp = "no-pty"; | |
323 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
324 | { | |
325 | packet_send_debug("Pty allocation disabled."); | |
326 | no_pty_flag = 1; | |
327 | options += strlen(cp); | |
328 | goto next_option; | |
329 | } | |
330 | cp = "command=\""; | |
331 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
332 | { | |
333 | int i; | |
334 | options += strlen(cp); | |
335 | forced_command = xmalloc(strlen(options) + 1); | |
336 | i = 0; | |
337 | while (*options) | |
338 | { | |
339 | if (*options == '"') | |
340 | break; | |
341 | if (*options == '\\' && options[1] == '"') | |
342 | { | |
343 | options += 2; | |
344 | forced_command[i++] = '"'; | |
345 | continue; | |
346 | } | |
347 | forced_command[i++] = *options++; | |
348 | } | |
349 | if (!*options) | |
350 | { | |
351 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
352 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
353 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
354 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
355 | continue; | |
356 | } | |
357 | forced_command[i] = 0; | |
358 | packet_send_debug("Forced command: %.900s", forced_command); | |
359 | options++; | |
360 | goto next_option; | |
361 | } | |
362 | cp = "environment=\""; | |
363 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
364 | { | |
365 | int i; | |
366 | char *s; | |
367 | struct envstring *new_envstring; | |
368 | options += strlen(cp); | |
369 | s = xmalloc(strlen(options) + 1); | |
370 | i = 0; | |
371 | while (*options) | |
372 | { | |
373 | if (*options == '"') | |
374 | break; | |
375 | if (*options == '\\' && options[1] == '"') | |
376 | { | |
377 | options += 2; | |
378 | s[i++] = '"'; | |
379 | continue; | |
380 | } | |
381 | s[i++] = *options++; | |
382 | } | |
383 | if (!*options) | |
384 | { | |
385 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
386 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
387 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
388 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
389 | continue; | |
390 | } | |
391 | s[i] = 0; | |
392 | packet_send_debug("Adding to environment: %.900s", s); | |
393 | debug("Adding to environment: %.900s", s); | |
394 | options++; | |
395 | new_envstring = xmalloc(sizeof(struct envstring)); | |
396 | new_envstring->s = s; | |
397 | new_envstring->next = custom_environment; | |
398 | custom_environment = new_envstring; | |
399 | goto next_option; | |
400 | } | |
401 | cp = "from=\""; | |
402 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
403 | { | |
404 | char *patterns = xmalloc(strlen(options) + 1); | |
405 | int i; | |
406 | options += strlen(cp); | |
407 | i = 0; | |
408 | while (*options) | |
409 | { | |
410 | if (*options == '"') | |
411 | break; | |
412 | if (*options == '\\' && options[1] == '"') | |
413 | { | |
414 | options += 2; | |
415 | patterns[i++] = '"'; | |
416 | continue; | |
417 | } | |
418 | patterns[i++] = *options++; | |
419 | } | |
420 | if (!*options) | |
421 | { | |
422 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
423 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
424 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
425 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
426 | continue; | |
427 | } | |
428 | patterns[i] = 0; | |
429 | options++; | |
430 | if (!match_hostname(get_canonical_hostname(), patterns, | |
431 | strlen(patterns)) && | |
432 | !match_hostname(get_remote_ipaddr(), patterns, | |
433 | strlen(patterns))) | |
434 | { | |
435 | log("RSA authentication tried for %.100s with correct key but not from a permitted host (host=%.200s, ip=%.200s).", | |
436 | pw->pw_name, get_canonical_hostname(), | |
437 | get_remote_ipaddr()); | |
438 | packet_send_debug("Your host '%.200s' is not permitted to use this key for login.", | |
439 | get_canonical_hostname()); | |
440 | xfree(patterns); | |
441 | authenticated = 0; | |
442 | break; | |
443 | } | |
444 | xfree(patterns); | |
445 | /* Host name matches. */ | |
446 | goto next_option; | |
447 | } | |
448 | bad_option: | |
449 | /* Unknown option. */ | |
450 | log("Bad options in %.100s file, line %lu: %.50s", | |
451 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum, options); | |
452 | packet_send_debug("Bad options in %.100s file, line %lu: %.50s", | |
453 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum, options); | |
454 | authenticated = 0; | |
455 | break; | |
456 | ||
457 | next_option: | |
458 | /* Skip the comma, and move to the next option (or break out | |
459 | if there are no more). */ | |
460 | if (!*options) | |
461 | fatal("Bugs in auth-rsa.c option processing."); | |
462 | if (*options == ' ' || *options == '\t') | |
463 | break; /* End of options. */ | |
464 | if (*options != ',') | |
465 | goto bad_option; | |
466 | options++; | |
467 | /* Process the next option. */ | |
468 | continue; | |
469 | } | |
470 | } | |
471 | ||
472 | /* Break out of the loop if authentication was successful; otherwise | |
473 | continue searching. */ | |
474 | if (authenticated) | |
475 | break; | |
476 | } | |
477 | ||
478 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
479 | restore_uid(); | |
480 | ||
481 | /* Close the file. */ | |
482 | fclose(f); | |
483 | ||
484 | /* Clear any mp-int variables. */ | |
485 | BN_clear_free(n); | |
486 | BN_clear_free(e); | |
487 | ||
488 | if (authenticated) | |
489 | packet_send_debug("RSA authentication accepted."); | |
490 | ||
491 | /* Return authentication result. */ | |
492 | return authenticated; | |
493 | } |