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Commit | Line | Data |
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8efc0c15 | 1 | /* |
2 | ||
3 | auth-rsa.c | |
4 | ||
5 | Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi> | |
6 | ||
7 | Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland | |
8 | All rights reserved | |
9 | ||
10 | Created: Mon Mar 27 01:46:52 1995 ylo | |
11 | ||
12 | RSA-based authentication. This code determines whether to admit a login | |
13 | based on RSA authentication. This file also contains functions to check | |
14 | validity of the host key. | |
15 | ||
16 | */ | |
17 | ||
18 | #include "includes.h" | |
19 | RCSID("$Id$"); | |
20 | ||
21 | #include "rsa.h" | |
22 | #include "packet.h" | |
23 | #include "xmalloc.h" | |
24 | #include "ssh.h" | |
25 | #include "mpaux.h" | |
26 | #include "uidswap.h" | |
27 | ||
28 | #include <openssl/rsa.h> | |
29 | #include <openssl/md5.h> | |
30 | ||
31 | /* Flags that may be set in authorized_keys options. */ | |
32 | extern int no_port_forwarding_flag; | |
33 | extern int no_agent_forwarding_flag; | |
34 | extern int no_x11_forwarding_flag; | |
35 | extern int no_pty_flag; | |
36 | extern char *forced_command; | |
37 | extern struct envstring *custom_environment; | |
38 | ||
39 | /* Session identifier that is used to bind key exchange and authentication | |
40 | responses to a particular session. */ | |
41 | extern unsigned char session_id[16]; | |
42 | ||
43 | /* The .ssh/authorized_keys file contains public keys, one per line, in the | |
44 | following format: | |
45 | options bits e n comment | |
46 | where bits, e and n are decimal numbers, | |
47 | and comment is any string of characters up to newline. The maximum | |
48 | length of a line is 8000 characters. See the documentation for a | |
49 | description of the options. | |
50 | */ | |
51 | ||
52 | /* Performs the RSA authentication challenge-response dialog with the client, | |
53 | and returns true (non-zero) if the client gave the correct answer to | |
54 | our challenge; returns zero if the client gives a wrong answer. */ | |
55 | ||
56 | int | |
57 | auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(unsigned int bits, BIGNUM *e, BIGNUM *n) | |
58 | { | |
59 | BIGNUM *challenge, *encrypted_challenge, *aux; | |
60 | RSA *pk; | |
61 | BN_CTX *ctx = BN_CTX_new(); | |
62 | unsigned char buf[32], mdbuf[16], response[16]; | |
63 | MD5_CTX md; | |
64 | unsigned int i; | |
65 | int plen, len; | |
66 | ||
67 | encrypted_challenge = BN_new(); | |
68 | challenge = BN_new(); | |
69 | aux = BN_new(); | |
70 | ||
71 | /* Generate a random challenge. */ | |
72 | BN_rand(challenge, 256, 0, 0); | |
73 | BN_mod(challenge, challenge, n, ctx); | |
74 | ||
75 | /* Create the public key data structure. */ | |
76 | pk = RSA_new(); | |
77 | pk->e = BN_new(); | |
78 | BN_copy(pk->e, e); | |
79 | pk->n = BN_new(); | |
80 | BN_copy(pk->n, n); | |
81 | ||
82 | /* Encrypt the challenge with the public key. */ | |
83 | rsa_public_encrypt(encrypted_challenge, challenge, pk); | |
84 | RSA_free(pk); | |
85 | ||
86 | /* Send the encrypted challenge to the client. */ | |
87 | packet_start(SSH_SMSG_AUTH_RSA_CHALLENGE); | |
88 | packet_put_bignum(encrypted_challenge); | |
89 | packet_send(); | |
90 | packet_write_wait(); | |
91 | ||
92 | /* The response is MD5 of decrypted challenge plus session id. */ | |
93 | len = BN_num_bytes(challenge); | |
94 | assert(len <= 32 && len); | |
95 | memset(buf, 0, 32); | |
96 | BN_bn2bin(challenge, buf + 32 - len); | |
97 | MD5_Init(&md); | |
98 | MD5_Update(&md, buf, 32); | |
99 | MD5_Update(&md, session_id, 16); | |
100 | MD5_Final(mdbuf, &md); | |
101 | ||
102 | /* We will no longer need these. */ | |
103 | BN_clear_free(encrypted_challenge); | |
104 | BN_clear_free(challenge); | |
105 | BN_clear_free(aux); | |
106 | BN_CTX_free(ctx); | |
107 | ||
108 | /* Wait for a response. */ | |
109 | packet_read_expect(&plen, SSH_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE); | |
110 | packet_integrity_check(plen, 16, SSH_CMSG_AUTH_RSA_RESPONSE); | |
111 | for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) | |
112 | response[i] = packet_get_char(); | |
113 | ||
114 | /* Verify that the response is the original challenge. */ | |
115 | if (memcmp(response, mdbuf, 16) != 0) | |
116 | { | |
117 | /* Wrong answer. */ | |
118 | return 0; | |
119 | } | |
120 | ||
121 | /* Correct answer. */ | |
122 | return 1; | |
123 | } | |
124 | ||
125 | /* Performs the RSA authentication dialog with the client. This returns | |
126 | 0 if the client could not be authenticated, and 1 if authentication was | |
127 | successful. This may exit if there is a serious protocol violation. */ | |
128 | ||
129 | int | |
130 | auth_rsa(struct passwd *pw, BIGNUM *client_n, int strict_modes) | |
131 | { | |
132 | char line[8192]; | |
133 | int authenticated; | |
134 | unsigned int bits; | |
135 | FILE *f; | |
136 | unsigned long linenum = 0; | |
137 | struct stat st; | |
138 | BIGNUM *e, *n; | |
139 | ||
140 | /* Temporarily use the user's uid. */ | |
141 | temporarily_use_uid(pw->pw_uid); | |
142 | ||
143 | /* The authorized keys. */ | |
144 | snprintf(line, sizeof line, "%.500s/%.100s", pw->pw_dir, | |
145 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS); | |
146 | ||
147 | /* Fail quietly if file does not exist */ | |
148 | if (stat(line, &st) < 0) | |
149 | { | |
150 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
151 | restore_uid(); | |
152 | return 0; | |
153 | } | |
154 | ||
155 | /* Open the file containing the authorized keys. */ | |
156 | f = fopen(line, "r"); | |
157 | if (!f) | |
158 | { | |
159 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
160 | restore_uid(); | |
161 | packet_send_debug("Could not open %.900s for reading.", line); | |
162 | packet_send_debug("If your home is on an NFS volume, it may need to be world-readable."); | |
163 | return 0; | |
164 | } | |
165 | ||
166 | if (strict_modes) { | |
167 | int fail=0; | |
168 | char buf[1024]; | |
169 | /* Check open file in order to avoid open/stat races */ | |
170 | if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0 || | |
171 | (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) || | |
172 | (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) { | |
173 | snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "RSA authentication refused for %.100s: " | |
174 | "bad ownership or modes for '%s'.", pw->pw_name, line); | |
175 | fail=1; | |
176 | }else{ | |
177 | /* Check path to SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS */ | |
178 | int i; | |
179 | static const char *check[] = { | |
180 | "", SSH_USER_DIR, NULL | |
181 | }; | |
182 | for (i=0; check[i]; i++) { | |
183 | snprintf(line, sizeof line, "%.500s/%.100s", pw->pw_dir, check[i]); | |
184 | if (stat(line, &st) < 0 || | |
185 | (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) || | |
186 | (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) { | |
187 | snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "RSA authentication refused for %.100s: " | |
188 | "bad ownership or modes for '%s'.", pw->pw_name, line); | |
189 | fail=1; | |
190 | break; | |
191 | } | |
192 | } | |
193 | } | |
194 | if (fail) { | |
195 | log(buf); | |
196 | packet_send_debug(buf); | |
197 | restore_uid(); | |
198 | return 0; | |
199 | } | |
200 | } | |
201 | ||
202 | /* Flag indicating whether authentication has succeeded. */ | |
203 | authenticated = 0; | |
204 | ||
205 | /* Initialize mp-int variables. */ | |
206 | e = BN_new(); | |
207 | n = BN_new(); | |
208 | ||
209 | /* Go though the accepted keys, looking for the current key. If found, | |
210 | perform a challenge-response dialog to verify that the user really has | |
211 | the corresponding private key. */ | |
212 | while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) | |
213 | { | |
214 | char *cp; | |
215 | char *options; | |
216 | ||
217 | linenum++; | |
218 | ||
219 | /* Skip leading whitespace. */ | |
220 | for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++) | |
221 | ; | |
222 | ||
223 | /* Skip empty and comment lines. */ | |
224 | if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') | |
225 | continue; | |
226 | ||
227 | /* Check if there are options for this key, and if so, save their | |
228 | starting address and skip the option part for now. If there are no | |
229 | options, set the starting address to NULL. */ | |
230 | if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '9') | |
231 | { | |
232 | int quoted = 0; | |
233 | options = cp; | |
234 | for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) | |
235 | { | |
236 | if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"') | |
237 | cp++; /* Skip both */ | |
238 | else | |
239 | if (*cp == '"') | |
240 | quoted = !quoted; | |
241 | } | |
242 | } | |
243 | else | |
244 | options = NULL; | |
245 | ||
246 | /* Parse the key from the line. */ | |
247 | if (!auth_rsa_read_key(&cp, &bits, e, n)) | |
248 | { | |
249 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: bad key syntax", | |
250 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
251 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: bad key syntax", | |
252 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
253 | continue; | |
254 | } | |
255 | /* cp now points to the comment part. */ | |
256 | ||
257 | /* Check if the we have found the desired key (identified by its | |
258 | modulus). */ | |
259 | if (BN_cmp(n, client_n) != 0) | |
260 | continue; /* Wrong key. */ | |
261 | ||
262 | /* We have found the desired key. */ | |
263 | ||
264 | /* Perform the challenge-response dialog for this key. */ | |
265 | if (!auth_rsa_challenge_dialog(bits, e, n)) | |
266 | { | |
267 | /* Wrong response. */ | |
268 | log("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
269 | packet_send_debug("Wrong response to RSA authentication challenge."); | |
270 | continue; | |
271 | } | |
272 | ||
273 | /* Correct response. The client has been successfully authenticated. | |
274 | Note that we have not yet processed the options; this will be reset | |
275 | if the options cause the authentication to be rejected. */ | |
276 | authenticated = 1; | |
277 | ||
278 | /* RSA part of authentication was accepted. Now process the options. */ | |
279 | if (options) | |
280 | { | |
281 | while (*options && *options != ' ' && *options != '\t') | |
282 | { | |
283 | cp = "no-port-forwarding"; | |
284 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
285 | { | |
286 | packet_send_debug("Port forwarding disabled."); | |
287 | no_port_forwarding_flag = 1; | |
288 | options += strlen(cp); | |
289 | goto next_option; | |
290 | } | |
291 | cp = "no-agent-forwarding"; | |
292 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
293 | { | |
294 | packet_send_debug("Agent forwarding disabled."); | |
295 | no_agent_forwarding_flag = 1; | |
296 | options += strlen(cp); | |
297 | goto next_option; | |
298 | } | |
299 | cp = "no-X11-forwarding"; | |
300 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
301 | { | |
302 | packet_send_debug("X11 forwarding disabled."); | |
303 | no_x11_forwarding_flag = 1; | |
304 | options += strlen(cp); | |
305 | goto next_option; | |
306 | } | |
307 | cp = "no-pty"; | |
308 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
309 | { | |
310 | packet_send_debug("Pty allocation disabled."); | |
311 | no_pty_flag = 1; | |
312 | options += strlen(cp); | |
313 | goto next_option; | |
314 | } | |
315 | cp = "command=\""; | |
316 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
317 | { | |
318 | int i; | |
319 | options += strlen(cp); | |
320 | forced_command = xmalloc(strlen(options) + 1); | |
321 | i = 0; | |
322 | while (*options) | |
323 | { | |
324 | if (*options == '"') | |
325 | break; | |
326 | if (*options == '\\' && options[1] == '"') | |
327 | { | |
328 | options += 2; | |
329 | forced_command[i++] = '"'; | |
330 | continue; | |
331 | } | |
332 | forced_command[i++] = *options++; | |
333 | } | |
334 | if (!*options) | |
335 | { | |
336 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
337 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
338 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
339 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
340 | continue; | |
341 | } | |
342 | forced_command[i] = 0; | |
343 | packet_send_debug("Forced command: %.900s", forced_command); | |
344 | options++; | |
345 | goto next_option; | |
346 | } | |
347 | cp = "environment=\""; | |
348 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
349 | { | |
350 | int i; | |
351 | char *s; | |
352 | struct envstring *new_envstring; | |
353 | options += strlen(cp); | |
354 | s = xmalloc(strlen(options) + 1); | |
355 | i = 0; | |
356 | while (*options) | |
357 | { | |
358 | if (*options == '"') | |
359 | break; | |
360 | if (*options == '\\' && options[1] == '"') | |
361 | { | |
362 | options += 2; | |
363 | s[i++] = '"'; | |
364 | continue; | |
365 | } | |
366 | s[i++] = *options++; | |
367 | } | |
368 | if (!*options) | |
369 | { | |
370 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
371 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
372 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
373 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
374 | continue; | |
375 | } | |
376 | s[i] = 0; | |
377 | packet_send_debug("Adding to environment: %.900s", s); | |
378 | debug("Adding to environment: %.900s", s); | |
379 | options++; | |
380 | new_envstring = xmalloc(sizeof(struct envstring)); | |
381 | new_envstring->s = s; | |
382 | new_envstring->next = custom_environment; | |
383 | custom_environment = new_envstring; | |
384 | goto next_option; | |
385 | } | |
386 | cp = "from=\""; | |
387 | if (strncmp(options, cp, strlen(cp)) == 0) | |
388 | { | |
389 | char *patterns = xmalloc(strlen(options) + 1); | |
390 | int i; | |
391 | options += strlen(cp); | |
392 | i = 0; | |
393 | while (*options) | |
394 | { | |
395 | if (*options == '"') | |
396 | break; | |
397 | if (*options == '\\' && options[1] == '"') | |
398 | { | |
399 | options += 2; | |
400 | patterns[i++] = '"'; | |
401 | continue; | |
402 | } | |
403 | patterns[i++] = *options++; | |
404 | } | |
405 | if (!*options) | |
406 | { | |
407 | debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
408 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
409 | packet_send_debug("%.100s, line %lu: missing end quote", | |
410 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum); | |
411 | continue; | |
412 | } | |
413 | patterns[i] = 0; | |
414 | options++; | |
415 | if (!match_hostname(get_canonical_hostname(), patterns, | |
416 | strlen(patterns)) && | |
417 | !match_hostname(get_remote_ipaddr(), patterns, | |
418 | strlen(patterns))) | |
419 | { | |
420 | log("RSA authentication tried for %.100s with correct key but not from a permitted host (host=%.200s, ip=%.200s).", | |
421 | pw->pw_name, get_canonical_hostname(), | |
422 | get_remote_ipaddr()); | |
423 | packet_send_debug("Your host '%.200s' is not permitted to use this key for login.", | |
424 | get_canonical_hostname()); | |
425 | xfree(patterns); | |
426 | authenticated = 0; | |
427 | break; | |
428 | } | |
429 | xfree(patterns); | |
430 | /* Host name matches. */ | |
431 | goto next_option; | |
432 | } | |
433 | bad_option: | |
434 | /* Unknown option. */ | |
435 | log("Bad options in %.100s file, line %lu: %.50s", | |
436 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum, options); | |
437 | packet_send_debug("Bad options in %.100s file, line %lu: %.50s", | |
438 | SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS, linenum, options); | |
439 | authenticated = 0; | |
440 | break; | |
441 | ||
442 | next_option: | |
443 | /* Skip the comma, and move to the next option (or break out | |
444 | if there are no more). */ | |
445 | if (!*options) | |
446 | fatal("Bugs in auth-rsa.c option processing."); | |
447 | if (*options == ' ' || *options == '\t') | |
448 | break; /* End of options. */ | |
449 | if (*options != ',') | |
450 | goto bad_option; | |
451 | options++; | |
452 | /* Process the next option. */ | |
453 | continue; | |
454 | } | |
455 | } | |
456 | ||
457 | /* Break out of the loop if authentication was successful; otherwise | |
458 | continue searching. */ | |
459 | if (authenticated) | |
460 | break; | |
461 | } | |
462 | ||
463 | /* Restore the privileged uid. */ | |
464 | restore_uid(); | |
465 | ||
466 | /* Close the file. */ | |
467 | fclose(f); | |
468 | ||
469 | /* Clear any mp-int variables. */ | |
470 | BN_clear_free(n); | |
471 | BN_clear_free(e); | |
472 | ||
473 | if (authenticated) | |
474 | packet_send_debug("RSA authentication accepted."); | |
475 | ||
476 | /* Return authentication result. */ | |
477 | return authenticated; | |
478 | } |