ssh.c

   1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh.c,v 1.316 2008/06/12 04:24:06 djm Exp $ */
   2 /*
   3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
   4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
   5  *                    All rights reserved
   6  * Ssh client program.  This program can be used to log into a remote machine.
   7  * The software supports strong authentication, encryption, and forwarding
   8  * of X11, TCP/IP, and authentication connections.
   9  *
  10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
  11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
  12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
  13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
  14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
  15  *
  16  * Copyright (c) 1999 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
  17  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  18  *
  19  * Modified to work with SSL by Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
  20  * in Canada (German citizen).
  21  *
  22  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  23  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  24  * are met:
  25  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  26  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  27  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  29  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  30  *
  31  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  32  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  33  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  34  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  35  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  36  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  37  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  38  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  39  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  40  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  41  */
  42
  43 #include "includes.h"
  44
  45 #include <sys/types.h>
  46 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
  47 # include <sys/stat.h>
  48 #endif
  49 #include <sys/resource.h>
  50 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  51 #include <sys/socket.h>
  52
  53 #include <ctype.h>
  54 #include <errno.h>
  55 #include <fcntl.h>
  56 #include <netdb.h>
  57 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
  58 #include <paths.h>
  59 #endif
  60 #include <pwd.h>
  61 #include <signal.h>
  62 #include <stdarg.h>
  63 #include <stddef.h>
  64 #include <stdio.h>
  65 #include <stdlib.h>
  66 #include <string.h>
  67 #include <unistd.h>
  68
  69 #include <netinet/in.h>
  70 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  71
  72 #include <openssl/evp.h>
  73 #include <openssl/err.h>
  74 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
  75 #include "openbsd-compat/sys-queue.h"
  76
  77 #include "xmalloc.h"
  78 #include "ssh.h"
  79 #include "ssh1.h"
  80 #include "ssh2.h"
  81 #include "compat.h"
  82 #include "cipher.h"
  83 #include "packet.h"
  84 #include "buffer.h"
  85 #include "channels.h"
  86 #include "key.h"
  87 #include "authfd.h"
  88 #include "authfile.h"
  89 #include "pathnames.h"
  90 #include "dispatch.h"
  91 #include "clientloop.h"
  92 #include "log.h"
  93 #include "readconf.h"
  94 #include "sshconnect.h"
  95 #include "misc.h"
  96 #include "kex.h"
  97 #include "mac.h"
  98 #include "sshpty.h"
  99 #include "match.h"
 100 #include "msg.h"
 101 #include "uidswap.h"
 102 #include "version.h"
 103
 104 #ifdef SMARTCARD
 105 #include "scard.h"
 106 #endif
 107
 108 extern char *__progname;
 109
 110 /* Flag indicating whether debug mode is on.  May be set on the command line. */
 111 int debug_flag = 0;
 112
 113 /* Flag indicating whether a tty should be allocated */
 114 int tty_flag = 0;
 115 int no_tty_flag = 0;
 116 int force_tty_flag = 0;
 117
 118 /* don't exec a shell */
 119 int no_shell_flag = 0;
 120
 121 /*
 122  * Flag indicating that nothing should be read from stdin.  This can be set
 123  * on the command line.
 124  */
 125 int stdin_null_flag = 0;
 126
 127 /*
 128  * Flag indicating that ssh should fork after authentication.  This is useful
 129  * so that the passphrase can be entered manually, and then ssh goes to the
 130  * background.
 131  */
 132 int fork_after_authentication_flag = 0;
 133
 134 /*
 135  * General data structure for command line options and options configurable
 136  * in configuration files.  See readconf.h.
 137  */
 138 Options options;
 139
 140 /* optional user configfile */
 141 char *config = NULL;
 142
 143 /*
 144  * Name of the host we are connecting to.  This is the name given on the
 145  * command line, or the HostName specified for the user-supplied name in a
 146  * configuration file.
 147  */
 148 char *host;
 149
 150 /* socket address the host resolves to */
 151 struct sockaddr_storage hostaddr;
 152
 153 /* Private host keys. */
 154 Sensitive sensitive_data;
 155
 156 /* Original real UID. */
 157 uid_t original_real_uid;
 158 uid_t original_effective_uid;
 159
 160 /* command to be executed */
 161 Buffer command;
 162
 163 /* Should we execute a command or invoke a subsystem? */
 164 int subsystem_flag = 0;
 165
 166 /* # of replies received for global requests */
 167 static int remote_forward_confirms_received = 0;
 168
 169 /* pid of proxycommand child process */
 170 pid_t proxy_command_pid = 0;
 171
 172 /* mux.c */
 173 extern int muxserver_sock;
 174 extern u_int muxclient_command;
 175
 176 /* Prints a help message to the user.  This function never returns. */
 177
 178 static void
 179 usage(void)
 180 {
 181         fprintf(stderr,
 182 "usage: ssh [-1246AaCfgKkMNnqsTtVvXxY] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec]\n"
 183 "           [-D [bind_address:]port] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile]\n"
 184 "           [-i identity_file] [-L [bind_address:]port:host:hostport]\n"
 185 "           [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port]\n"
 186 "           [-R [bind_address:]port:host:hostport] [-S ctl_path]\n"
 187 "           [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]] [user@]hostname [command]\n"
 188         );
 189         exit(255);
 190 }
 191
 192 static int ssh_session(void);
 193 static int ssh_session2(void);
 194 static void load_public_identity_files(void);
 195
 196 /* from muxclient.c */
 197 void muxclient(const char *);
 198 void muxserver_listen(void);
 199
 200 /*
 201  * Main program for the ssh client.
 202  */
 203 int
 204 main(int ac, char **av)
 205 {
 206         int i, opt, exit_status;
 207         char *p, *cp, *line, buf[256];
 208         struct stat st;
 209         struct passwd *pw;
 210         int dummy, timeout_ms;
 211         extern int optind, optreset;
 212         extern char *optarg;
 213         struct servent *sp;
 214         Forward fwd;
 215
 216         /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
 217         sanitise_stdfd();
 218
 219         __progname = ssh_get_progname(av[0]);
 220         init_rng();
 221
 222         /*
 223          * Save the original real uid.  It will be needed later (uid-swapping
 224          * may clobber the real uid).
 225          */
 226         original_real_uid = getuid();
 227         original_effective_uid = geteuid();
 228
 229         /*
 230          * Use uid-swapping to give up root privileges for the duration of
 231          * option processing.  We will re-instantiate the rights when we are
 232          * ready to create the privileged port, and will permanently drop
 233          * them when the port has been created (actually, when the connection
 234          * has been made, as we may need to create the port several times).
 235          */
 236         PRIV_END;
 237
 238 #ifdef HAVE_SETRLIMIT
 239         /* If we are installed setuid root be careful to not drop core. */
 240         if (original_real_uid != original_effective_uid) {
 241                 struct rlimit rlim;
 242                 rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
 243                 if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim) < 0)
 244                         fatal("setrlimit failed: %.100s", strerror(errno));
 245         }
 246 #endif
 247         /* Get user data. */
 248         pw = getpwuid(original_real_uid);
 249         if (!pw) {
 250                 logit("You don't exist, go away!");
 251                 exit(255);
 252         }
 253         /* Take a copy of the returned structure. */
 254         pw = pwcopy(pw);
 255
 256         /*
 257          * Set our umask to something reasonable, as some files are created
 258          * with the default umask.  This will make them world-readable but
 259          * writable only by the owner, which is ok for all files for which we
 260          * don't set the modes explicitly.
 261          */
 262         umask(022);
 263
 264         /*
 265          * Initialize option structure to indicate that no values have been
 266          * set.
 267          */
 268         initialize_options(&options);
 269
 270         /* Parse command-line arguments. */
 271         host = NULL;
 272
 273  again:
 274         while ((opt = getopt(ac, av, "1246ab:c:e:fgi:kl:m:no:p:qstvx"
 275             "ACD:F:I:KL:MNO:PR:S:TVw:XY")) != -1) {
 276                 switch (opt) {
 277                 case '1':
 278                         options.protocol = SSH_PROTO_1;
 279                         break;
 280                 case '2':
 281                         options.protocol = SSH_PROTO_2;
 282                         break;
 283                 case '4':
 284                         options.address_family = AF_INET;
 285                         break;
 286                 case '6':
 287                         options.address_family = AF_INET6;
 288                         break;
 289                 case 'n':
 290                         stdin_null_flag = 1;
 291                         break;
 292                 case 'f':
 293                         fork_after_authentication_flag = 1;
 294                         stdin_null_flag = 1;
 295                         break;
 296                 case 'x':
 297                         options.forward_x11 = 0;
 298                         break;
 299                 case 'X':
 300                         options.forward_x11 = 1;
 301                         break;
 302                 case 'Y':
 303                         options.forward_x11 = 1;
 304                         options.forward_x11_trusted = 1;
 305                         break;
 306                 case 'g':
 307                         options.gateway_ports = 1;
 308                         break;
 309                 case 'O':
 310                         if (strcmp(optarg, "check") == 0)
 311                                 muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_ALIVE_CHECK;
 312                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "exit") == 0)
 313                                 muxclient_command = SSHMUX_COMMAND_TERMINATE;
 314                         else
 315                                 fatal("Invalid multiplex command.");
 316                         break;
 317                 case 'P':       /* deprecated */
 318                         options.use_privileged_port = 0;
 319                         break;
 320                 case 'a':
 321                         options.forward_agent = 0;
 322                         break;
 323                 case 'A':
 324                         options.forward_agent = 1;
 325                         break;
 326                 case 'k':
 327                         options.gss_deleg_creds = 0;
 328                         break;
 329                 case 'K':
 330                         options.gss_authentication = 1;
 331                         options.gss_deleg_creds = 1;
 332                         break;
 333                 case 'i':
 334                         if (stat(optarg, &st) < 0) {
 335                                 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Identity file %s "
 336                                     "not accessible: %s.\n", optarg,
 337                                     strerror(errno));
 338                                 break;
 339                         }
 340                         if (options.num_identity_files >=
 341                             SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES)
 342                                 fatal("Too many identity files specified "
 343                                     "(max %d)", SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES);
 344                         options.identity_files[options.num_identity_files++] =
 345                             xstrdup(optarg);
 346                         break;
 347                 case 'I':
 348 #ifdef SMARTCARD
 349                         options.smartcard_device = xstrdup(optarg);
 350 #else
 351                         fprintf(stderr, "no support for smartcards.\n");
 352 #endif
 353                         break;
 354                 case 't':
 355                         if (tty_flag)
 356                                 force_tty_flag = 1;
 357                         tty_flag = 1;
 358                         break;
 359                 case 'v':
 360                         if (debug_flag == 0) {
 361                                 debug_flag = 1;
 362                                 options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
 363                         } else {
 364                                 if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
 365                                         options.log_level++;
 366                                 break;
 367                         }
 368                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 369                 case 'V':
 370                         fprintf(stderr, "%s, %s\n",
 371                             SSH_RELEASE, SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION));
 372                         if (opt == 'V')
 373                                 exit(0);
 374                         break;
 375                 case 'w':
 376                         if (options.tun_open == -1)
 377                                 options.tun_open = SSH_TUNMODE_DEFAULT;
 378                         options.tun_local = a2tun(optarg, &options.tun_remote);
 379                         if (options.tun_local == SSH_TUNID_ERR) {
 380                                 fprintf(stderr,
 381                                     "Bad tun device '%s'\n", optarg);
 382                                 exit(255);
 383                         }
 384                         break;
 385                 case 'q':
 386                         options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
 387                         break;
 388                 case 'e':
 389                         if (optarg[0] == '^' && optarg[2] == 0 &&
 390                             (u_char) optarg[1] >= 64 &&
 391                             (u_char) optarg[1] < 128)
 392                                 options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[1] & 31;
 393                         else if (strlen(optarg) == 1)
 394                                 options.escape_char = (u_char) optarg[0];
 395                         else if (strcmp(optarg, "none") == 0)
 396                                 options.escape_char = SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE;
 397                         else {
 398                                 fprintf(stderr, "Bad escape character '%s'.\n",
 399                                     optarg);
 400                                 exit(255);
 401                         }
 402                         break;
 403                 case 'c':
 404                         if (ciphers_valid(optarg)) {
 405                                 /* SSH2 only */
 406                                 options.ciphers = xstrdup(optarg);
 407                                 options.cipher = SSH_CIPHER_INVALID;
 408                         } else {
 409                                 /* SSH1 only */
 410                                 options.cipher = cipher_number(optarg);
 411                                 if (options.cipher == -1) {
 412                                         fprintf(stderr,
 413                                             "Unknown cipher type '%s'\n",
 414                                             optarg);
 415                                         exit(255);
 416                                 }
 417                                 if (options.cipher == SSH_CIPHER_3DES)
 418                                         options.ciphers = "3des-cbc";
 419                                 else if (options.cipher == SSH_CIPHER_BLOWFISH)
 420                                         options.ciphers = "blowfish-cbc";
 421                                 else
 422                                         options.ciphers = (char *)-1;
 423                         }
 424                         break;
 425                 case 'm':
 426                         if (mac_valid(optarg))
 427                                 options.macs = xstrdup(optarg);
 428                         else {
 429                                 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown mac type '%s'\n",
 430                                     optarg);
 431                                 exit(255);
 432                         }
 433                         break;
 434                 case 'M':
 435                         if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_YES)
 436                                 options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_ASK;
 437                         else
 438                                 options.control_master = SSHCTL_MASTER_YES;
 439                         break;
 440                 case 'p':
 441                         options.port = a2port(optarg);
 442                         if (options.port == 0) {
 443                                 fprintf(stderr, "Bad port '%s'\n", optarg);
 444                                 exit(255);
 445                         }
 446                         break;
 447                 case 'l':
 448                         options.user = optarg;
 449                         break;
 450
 451                 case 'L':
 452                         if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg))
 453                                 add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
 454                         else {
 455                                 fprintf(stderr,
 456                                     "Bad local forwarding specification '%s'\n",
 457                                     optarg);
 458                                 exit(255);
 459                         }
 460                         break;
 461
 462                 case 'R':
 463                         if (parse_forward(&fwd, optarg)) {
 464                                 add_remote_forward(&options, &fwd);
 465                         } else {
 466                                 fprintf(stderr,
 467                                     "Bad remote forwarding specification "
 468                                     "'%s'\n", optarg);
 469                                 exit(255);
 470                         }
 471                         break;
 472
 473                 case 'D':
 474                         cp = p = xstrdup(optarg);
 475                         memset(&fwd, '\0', sizeof(fwd));
 476                         fwd.connect_host = "socks";
 477                         if ((fwd.listen_host = hpdelim(&cp)) == NULL) {
 478                                 fprintf(stderr, "Bad dynamic forwarding "
 479                                     "specification '%.100s'\n", optarg);
 480                                 exit(255);
 481                         }
 482                         if (cp != NULL) {
 483                                 fwd.listen_port = a2port(cp);
 484                                 fwd.listen_host =
 485                                     cleanhostname(fwd.listen_host);
 486                         } else {
 487                                 fwd.listen_port = a2port(fwd.listen_host);
 488                                 fwd.listen_host = NULL;
 489                         }
 490
 491                         if (fwd.listen_port == 0) {
 492                                 fprintf(stderr, "Bad dynamic port '%s'\n",
 493                                     optarg);
 494                                 exit(255);
 495                         }
 496                         add_local_forward(&options, &fwd);
 497                         xfree(p);
 498                         break;
 499
 500                 case 'C':
 501                         options.compression = 1;
 502                         break;
 503                 case 'N':
 504                         no_shell_flag = 1;
 505                         no_tty_flag = 1;
 506                         break;
 507                 case 'T':
 508                         no_tty_flag = 1;
 509                         break;
 510                 case 'o':
 511                         dummy = 1;
 512                         line = xstrdup(optarg);
 513                         if (process_config_line(&options, host ? host : "",
 514                             line, "command-line", 0, &dummy) != 0)
 515                                 exit(255);
 516                         xfree(line);
 517                         break;
 518                 case 's':
 519                         subsystem_flag = 1;
 520                         break;
 521                 case 'S':
 522                         if (options.control_path != NULL)
 523                                 free(options.control_path);
 524                         options.control_path = xstrdup(optarg);
 525                         break;
 526                 case 'b':
 527                         options.bind_address = optarg;
 528                         break;
 529                 case 'F':
 530                         config = optarg;
 531                         break;
 532                 default:
 533                         usage();
 534                 }
 535         }
 536
 537         ac -= optind;
 538         av += optind;
 539
 540         if (ac > 0 && !host && **av != '-') {
 541                 if (strrchr(*av, '@')) {
 542                         p = xstrdup(*av);
 543                         cp = strrchr(p, '@');
 544                         if (cp == NULL || cp == p)
 545                                 usage();
 546                         options.user = p;
 547                         *cp = '\0';
 548                         host = ++cp;
 549                 } else
 550                         host = *av;
 551                 if (ac > 1) {
 552                         optind = optreset = 1;
 553                         goto again;
 554                 }
 555                 ac--, av++;
 556         }
 557
 558         /* Check that we got a host name. */
 559         if (!host)
 560                 usage();
 561
 562         SSLeay_add_all_algorithms();
 563         ERR_load_crypto_strings();
 564
 565         /* Initialize the command to execute on remote host. */
 566         buffer_init(&command);
 567
 568         /*
 569          * Save the command to execute on the remote host in a buffer. There
 570          * is no limit on the length of the command, except by the maximum
 571          * packet size.  Also sets the tty flag if there is no command.
 572          */
 573         if (!ac) {
 574                 /* No command specified - execute shell on a tty. */
 575                 tty_flag = 1;
 576                 if (subsystem_flag) {
 577                         fprintf(stderr,
 578                             "You must specify a subsystem to invoke.\n");
 579                         usage();
 580                 }
 581         } else {
 582                 /* A command has been specified.  Store it into the buffer. */
 583                 for (i = 0; i < ac; i++) {
 584                         if (i)
 585                                 buffer_append(&command, " ", 1);
 586                         buffer_append(&command, av[i], strlen(av[i]));
 587                 }
 588         }
 589
 590         /* Cannot fork to background if no command. */
 591         if (fork_after_authentication_flag && buffer_len(&command) == 0 &&
 592             !no_shell_flag)
 593                 fatal("Cannot fork into background without a command "
 594                     "to execute.");
 595
 596         /* Allocate a tty by default if no command specified. */
 597         if (buffer_len(&command) == 0)
 598                 tty_flag = 1;
 599
 600         /* Force no tty */
 601         if (no_tty_flag)
 602                 tty_flag = 0;
 603         /* Do not allocate a tty if stdin is not a tty. */
 604         if ((!isatty(fileno(stdin)) || stdin_null_flag) && !force_tty_flag) {
 605                 if (tty_flag)
 606                         logit("Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because "
 607                             "stdin is not a terminal.");
 608                 tty_flag = 0;
 609         }
 610
 611         /*
 612          * Initialize "log" output.  Since we are the client all output
 613          * actually goes to stderr.
 614          */
 615         log_init(av[0],
 616             options.log_level == -1 ? SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
 617             SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
 618
 619         /*
 620          * Read per-user configuration file.  Ignore the system wide config
 621          * file if the user specifies a config file on the command line.
 622          */
 623         if (config != NULL) {
 624                 if (!read_config_file(config, host, &options, 0))
 625                         fatal("Can't open user config file %.100s: "
 626                             "%.100s", config, strerror(errno));
 627         } else {
 628                 snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.100s/%.100s", pw->pw_dir,
 629                     _PATH_SSH_USER_CONFFILE);
 630                 (void)read_config_file(buf, host, &options, 1);
 631
 632                 /* Read systemwide configuration file after use config. */
 633                 (void)read_config_file(_PATH_HOST_CONFIG_FILE, host,
 634                     &options, 0);
 635         }
 636
 637         /* Fill configuration defaults. */
 638         fill_default_options(&options);
 639
 640         channel_set_af(options.address_family);
 641
 642         /* reinit */
 643         log_init(av[0], options.log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
 644
 645         seed_rng();
 646
 647         if (options.user == NULL)
 648                 options.user = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
 649
 650         if (options.hostname != NULL)
 651                 host = options.hostname;
 652
 653         /* force lowercase for hostkey matching */
 654         if (options.host_key_alias != NULL) {
 655                 for (p = options.host_key_alias; *p; p++)
 656                         if (isupper(*p))
 657                                 *p = (char)tolower(*p);
 658         }
 659
 660         /* Get default port if port has not been set. */
 661         if (options.port == 0) {
 662                 sp = getservbyname(SSH_SERVICE_NAME, "tcp");
 663                 options.port = sp ? ntohs(sp->s_port) : SSH_DEFAULT_PORT;
 664         }
 665
 666         if (options.proxy_command != NULL &&
 667             strcmp(options.proxy_command, "none") == 0) {
 668                 xfree(options.proxy_command);
 669                 options.proxy_command = NULL;
 670         }
 671         if (options.control_path != NULL &&
 672             strcmp(options.control_path, "none") == 0) {
 673                 xfree(options.control_path);
 674                 options.control_path = NULL;
 675         }
 676
 677         if (options.control_path != NULL) {
 678                 char thishost[NI_MAXHOST];
 679
 680                 if (gethostname(thishost, sizeof(thishost)) == -1)
 681                         fatal("gethostname: %s", strerror(errno));
 682                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", options.port);
 683                 cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.control_path,
 684                     original_real_uid);
 685                 xfree(options.control_path);
 686                 options.control_path = percent_expand(cp, "p", buf, "h", host,
 687                     "r", options.user, "l", thishost, (char *)NULL);
 688                 xfree(cp);
 689         }
 690         if (muxclient_command != 0 && options.control_path == NULL)
 691                 fatal("No ControlPath specified for \"-O\" command");
 692         if (options.control_path != NULL)
 693                 muxclient(options.control_path);
 694
 695         timeout_ms = options.connection_timeout * 1000;
 696
 697         /* Open a connection to the remote host. */
 698         if (ssh_connect(host, &hostaddr, options.port,
 699             options.address_family, options.connection_attempts, &timeout_ms,
 700             options.tcp_keep_alive,
 701 #ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
 702             options.use_privileged_port,
 703 #else
 704             original_effective_uid == 0 && options.use_privileged_port,
 705 #endif
 706             options.proxy_command) != 0)
 707                 exit(255);
 708
 709         if (timeout_ms > 0)
 710                 debug3("timeout: %d ms remain after connect", timeout_ms);
 711
 712         /*
 713          * If we successfully made the connection, load the host private key
 714          * in case we will need it later for combined rsa-rhosts
 715          * authentication. This must be done before releasing extra
 716          * privileges, because the file is only readable by root.
 717          * If we cannot access the private keys, load the public keys
 718          * instead and try to execute the ssh-keysign helper instead.
 719          */
 720         sensitive_data.nkeys = 0;
 721         sensitive_data.keys = NULL;
 722         sensitive_data.external_keysign = 0;
 723         if (options.rhosts_rsa_authentication ||
 724             options.hostbased_authentication) {
 725                 sensitive_data.nkeys = 3;
 726                 sensitive_data.keys = xcalloc(sensitive_data.nkeys,
 727                     sizeof(Key));
 728
 729                 PRIV_START;
 730                 sensitive_data.keys[0] = key_load_private_type(KEY_RSA1,
 731                     _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
 732                 sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_private_type(KEY_DSA,
 733                     _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
 734                 sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_private_type(KEY_RSA,
 735                     _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, "", NULL, NULL);
 736                 PRIV_END;
 737
 738                 if (options.hostbased_authentication == 1 &&
 739                     sensitive_data.keys[0] == NULL &&
 740                     sensitive_data.keys[1] == NULL &&
 741                     sensitive_data.keys[2] == NULL) {
 742                         sensitive_data.keys[1] = key_load_public(
 743                             _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
 744                         sensitive_data.keys[2] = key_load_public(
 745                             _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, NULL);
 746                         sensitive_data.external_keysign = 1;
 747                 }
 748         }
 749         /*
 750          * Get rid of any extra privileges that we may have.  We will no
 751          * longer need them.  Also, extra privileges could make it very hard
 752          * to read identity files and other non-world-readable files from the
 753          * user's home directory if it happens to be on a NFS volume where
 754          * root is mapped to nobody.
 755          */
 756         if (original_effective_uid == 0) {
 757                 PRIV_START;
 758                 permanently_set_uid(pw);
 759         }
 760
 761         /*
 762          * Now that we are back to our own permissions, create ~/.ssh
 763          * directory if it doesn't already exist.
 764          */
 765         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%.100s%s%.100s", pw->pw_dir,
 766             strcmp(pw->pw_dir, "/") ? "/" : "", _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
 767         if (stat(buf, &st) < 0)
 768                 if (mkdir(buf, 0700) < 0)
 769                         error("Could not create directory '%.200s'.", buf);
 770
 771         /* load options.identity_files */
 772         load_public_identity_files();
 773
 774         /* Expand ~ in known host file names. */
 775         /* XXX mem-leaks: */
 776         options.system_hostfile =
 777             tilde_expand_filename(options.system_hostfile, original_real_uid);
 778         options.user_hostfile =
 779             tilde_expand_filename(options.user_hostfile, original_real_uid);
 780         options.system_hostfile2 =
 781             tilde_expand_filename(options.system_hostfile2, original_real_uid);
 782         options.user_hostfile2 =
 783             tilde_expand_filename(options.user_hostfile2, original_real_uid);
 784
 785         signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); /* ignore SIGPIPE early */
 786
 787         /* Log into the remote system.  Never returns if the login fails. */
 788         ssh_login(&sensitive_data, host, (struct sockaddr *)&hostaddr,
 789             pw, timeout_ms);
 790
 791         /* We no longer need the private host keys.  Clear them now. */
 792         if (sensitive_data.nkeys != 0) {
 793                 for (i = 0; i < sensitive_data.nkeys; i++) {
 794                         if (sensitive_data.keys[i] != NULL) {
 795                                 /* Destroys contents safely */
 796                                 debug3("clear hostkey %d", i);
 797                                 key_free(sensitive_data.keys[i]);
 798                                 sensitive_data.keys[i] = NULL;
 799                         }
 800                 }
 801                 xfree(sensitive_data.keys);
 802         }
 803         for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
 804                 if (options.identity_files[i]) {
 805                         xfree(options.identity_files[i]);
 806                         options.identity_files[i] = NULL;
 807                 }
 808                 if (options.identity_keys[i]) {
 809                         key_free(options.identity_keys[i]);
 810                         options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
 811                 }
 812         }
 813
 814         exit_status = compat20 ? ssh_session2() : ssh_session();
 815         packet_close();
 816
 817         if (options.control_path != NULL && muxserver_sock != -1)
 818                 unlink(options.control_path);
 819
 820         /*
 821          * Send SIGHUP to proxy command if used. We don't wait() in
 822          * case it hangs and instead rely on init to reap the child
 823          */
 824         if (proxy_command_pid > 1)
 825                 kill(proxy_command_pid, SIGHUP);
 826
 827         return exit_status;
 828 }
 829
 830 /* Callback for remote forward global requests */
 831 static void
 832 ssh_confirm_remote_forward(int type, u_int32_t seq, void *ctxt)
 833 {
 834         Forward *rfwd = (Forward *)ctxt;
 835
 836         debug("remote forward %s for: listen %d, connect %s:%d",
 837             type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_SUCCESS ? "success" : "failure",
 838             rfwd->listen_port, rfwd->connect_host, rfwd->connect_port);
 839         if (type == SSH2_MSG_REQUEST_FAILURE) {
 840                 if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
 841                         fatal("Error: remote port forwarding failed for "
 842                             "listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
 843                 else
 844                         logit("Warning: remote port forwarding failed for "
 845                             "listen port %d", rfwd->listen_port);
 846         }
 847         if (++remote_forward_confirms_received == options.num_remote_forwards)
 848                 debug("All remote forwarding requests processed");
 849                 /* XXX fork-after-authentication */
 850 }
 851
 852 static void
 853 ssh_init_forwarding(void)
 854 {
 855         int success = 0;
 856         int i;
 857
 858         /* Initiate local TCP/IP port forwardings. */
 859         for (i = 0; i < options.num_local_forwards; i++) {
 860                 debug("Local connections to %.200s:%d forwarded to remote "
 861                     "address %.200s:%d",
 862                     (options.local_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
 863                     (options.gateway_ports ? "*" : "LOCALHOST") :
 864                     options.local_forwards[i].listen_host,
 865                     options.local_forwards[i].listen_port,
 866                     options.local_forwards[i].connect_host,
 867                     options.local_forwards[i].connect_port);
 868                 success += channel_setup_local_fwd_listener(
 869                     options.local_forwards[i].listen_host,
 870                     options.local_forwards[i].listen_port,
 871                     options.local_forwards[i].connect_host,
 872                     options.local_forwards[i].connect_port,
 873                     options.gateway_ports);
 874         }
 875         if (i > 0 && success != i && options.exit_on_forward_failure)
 876                 fatal("Could not request local forwarding.");
 877         if (i > 0 && success == 0)
 878                 error("Could not request local forwarding.");
 879
 880         /* Initiate remote TCP/IP port forwardings. */
 881         for (i = 0; i < options.num_remote_forwards; i++) {
 882                 debug("Remote connections from %.200s:%d forwarded to "
 883                     "local address %.200s:%d",
 884                     (options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host == NULL) ?
 885                     "LOCALHOST" : options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host,
 886                     options.remote_forwards[i].listen_port,
 887                     options.remote_forwards[i].connect_host,
 888                     options.remote_forwards[i].connect_port);
 889                 if (channel_request_remote_forwarding(
 890                     options.remote_forwards[i].listen_host,
 891                     options.remote_forwards[i].listen_port,
 892                     options.remote_forwards[i].connect_host,
 893                     options.remote_forwards[i].connect_port) < 0) {
 894                         if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
 895                                 fatal("Could not request remote forwarding.");
 896                         else
 897                                 logit("Warning: Could not request remote "
 898                                     "forwarding.");
 899                 }
 900                 client_register_global_confirm(ssh_confirm_remote_forward,
 901                     &options.remote_forwards[i]);
 902         }
 903
 904         /* Initiate tunnel forwarding. */
 905         if (options.tun_open != SSH_TUNMODE_NO) {
 906                 if (client_request_tun_fwd(options.tun_open,
 907                     options.tun_local, options.tun_remote) == -1) {
 908                         if (options.exit_on_forward_failure)
 909                                 fatal("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
 910                         else
 911                                 error("Could not request tunnel forwarding.");
 912                 }
 913         }
 914 }
 915
 916 static void
 917 check_agent_present(void)
 918 {
 919         if (options.forward_agent) {
 920                 /* Clear agent forwarding if we don't have an agent. */
 921                 if (!ssh_agent_present())
 922                         options.forward_agent = 0;
 923         }
 924 }
 925
 926 static int
 927 ssh_session(void)
 928 {
 929         int type;
 930         int interactive = 0;
 931         int have_tty = 0;
 932         struct winsize ws;
 933         char *cp;
 934         const char *display;
 935
 936         /* Enable compression if requested. */
 937         if (options.compression) {
 938                 debug("Requesting compression at level %d.",
 939                     options.compression_level);
 940
 941                 if (options.compression_level < 1 ||
 942                     options.compression_level > 9)
 943                         fatal("Compression level must be from 1 (fast) to "
 944                             "9 (slow, best).");
 945
 946                 /* Send the request. */
 947                 packet_start(SSH_CMSG_REQUEST_COMPRESSION);
 948                 packet_put_int(options.compression_level);
 949                 packet_send();
 950                 packet_write_wait();
 951                 type = packet_read();
 952                 if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS)
 953                         packet_start_compression(options.compression_level);
 954                 else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE)
 955                         logit("Warning: Remote host refused compression.");
 956                 else
 957                         packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for "
 958                             "compression response.");
 959         }
 960         /* Allocate a pseudo tty if appropriate. */
 961         if (tty_flag) {
 962                 debug("Requesting pty.");
 963
 964                 /* Start the packet. */
 965                 packet_start(SSH_CMSG_REQUEST_PTY);
 966
 967                 /* Store TERM in the packet.  There is no limit on the
 968                    length of the string. */
 969                 cp = getenv("TERM");
 970                 if (!cp)
 971                         cp = "";
 972                 packet_put_cstring(cp);
 973
 974                 /* Store window size in the packet. */
 975                 if (ioctl(fileno(stdin), TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0)
 976                         memset(&ws, 0, sizeof(ws));
 977                 packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_row);
 978                 packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_col);
 979                 packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_xpixel);
 980                 packet_put_int((u_int)ws.ws_ypixel);
 981
 982                 /* Store tty modes in the packet. */
 983                 tty_make_modes(fileno(stdin), NULL);
 984
 985                 /* Send the packet, and wait for it to leave. */
 986                 packet_send();
 987                 packet_write_wait();
 988
 989                 /* Read response from the server. */
 990                 type = packet_read();
 991                 if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
 992                         interactive = 1;
 993                         have_tty = 1;
 994                 } else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE)
 995                         logit("Warning: Remote host failed or refused to "
 996                             "allocate a pseudo tty.");
 997                 else
 998                         packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for pty "
 999                             "request response.");
1000         }
1001         /* Request X11 forwarding if enabled and DISPLAY is set. */
1002         display = getenv("DISPLAY");
1003         if (options.forward_x11 && display != NULL) {
1004                 char *proto, *data;
1005                 /* Get reasonable local authentication information. */
1006                 client_x11_get_proto(display, options.xauth_location,
1007                     options.forward_x11_trusted, &proto, &data);
1008                 /* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
1009                 debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication "
1010                     "spoofing.");
1011                 x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(0, display, proto, data);
1012
1013                 /* Read response from the server. */
1014                 type = packet_read();
1015                 if (type == SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS) {
1016                         interactive = 1;
1017                 } else if (type == SSH_SMSG_FAILURE) {
1018                         logit("Warning: Remote host denied X11 forwarding.");
1019                 } else {
1020                         packet_disconnect("Protocol error waiting for X11 "
1021                             "forwarding");
1022                 }
1023         }
1024         /* Tell the packet module whether this is an interactive session. */
1025         packet_set_interactive(interactive);
1026
1027         /* Request authentication agent forwarding if appropriate. */
1028         check_agent_present();
1029
1030         if (options.forward_agent) {
1031                 debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
1032                 auth_request_forwarding();
1033
1034                 /* Read response from the server. */
1035                 type = packet_read();
1036                 packet_check_eom();
1037                 if (type != SSH_SMSG_SUCCESS)
1038                         logit("Warning: Remote host denied authentication agent forwarding.");
1039         }
1040
1041         /* Initiate port forwardings. */
1042         ssh_init_forwarding();
1043
1044         /* Execute a local command */
1045         if (options.local_command != NULL &&
1046             options.permit_local_command)
1047                 ssh_local_cmd(options.local_command);
1048
1049         /* If requested, let ssh continue in the background. */
1050         if (fork_after_authentication_flag)
1051                 if (daemon(1, 1) < 0)
1052                         fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1053
1054         /*
1055          * If a command was specified on the command line, execute the
1056          * command now. Otherwise request the server to start a shell.
1057          */
1058         if (buffer_len(&command) > 0) {
1059                 int len = buffer_len(&command);
1060                 if (len > 900)
1061                         len = 900;
1062                 debug("Sending command: %.*s", len,
1063                     (u_char *)buffer_ptr(&command));
1064                 packet_start(SSH_CMSG_EXEC_CMD);
1065                 packet_put_string(buffer_ptr(&command), buffer_len(&command));
1066                 packet_send();
1067                 packet_write_wait();
1068         } else {
1069                 debug("Requesting shell.");
1070                 packet_start(SSH_CMSG_EXEC_SHELL);
1071                 packet_send();
1072                 packet_write_wait();
1073         }
1074
1075         /* Enter the interactive session. */
1076         return client_loop(have_tty, tty_flag ?
1077             options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, 0);
1078 }
1079
1080 /* request pty/x11/agent/tcpfwd/shell for channel */
1081 static void
1082 ssh_session2_setup(int id, void *arg)
1083 {
1084         extern char **environ;
1085         const char *display;
1086         int interactive = tty_flag;
1087
1088         display = getenv("DISPLAY");
1089         if (options.forward_x11 && display != NULL) {
1090                 char *proto, *data;
1091                 /* Get reasonable local authentication information. */
1092                 client_x11_get_proto(display, options.xauth_location,
1093                     options.forward_x11_trusted, &proto, &data);
1094                 /* Request forwarding with authentication spoofing. */
1095                 debug("Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication "
1096                     "spoofing.");
1097                 x11_request_forwarding_with_spoofing(id, display, proto, data);
1098                 interactive = 1;
1099                 /* XXX wait for reply */
1100         }
1101
1102         check_agent_present();
1103         if (options.forward_agent) {
1104                 debug("Requesting authentication agent forwarding.");
1105                 channel_request_start(id, "auth-agent-req@openssh.com", 0);
1106                 packet_send();
1107         }
1108
1109         client_session2_setup(id, tty_flag, subsystem_flag, getenv("TERM"),
1110             NULL, fileno(stdin), &command, environ);
1111
1112         packet_set_interactive(interactive);
1113 }
1114
1115 /* open new channel for a session */
1116 static int
1117 ssh_session2_open(void)
1118 {
1119         Channel *c;
1120         int window, packetmax, in, out, err;
1121
1122         if (stdin_null_flag) {
1123                 in = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY);
1124         } else {
1125                 in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1126         }
1127         out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
1128         err = dup(STDERR_FILENO);
1129
1130         if (in < 0 || out < 0 || err < 0)
1131                 fatal("dup() in/out/err failed");
1132
1133         /* enable nonblocking unless tty */
1134         if (!isatty(in))
1135                 set_nonblock(in);
1136         if (!isatty(out))
1137                 set_nonblock(out);
1138         if (!isatty(err))
1139                 set_nonblock(err);
1140
1141         window = CHAN_SES_WINDOW_DEFAULT;
1142         packetmax = CHAN_SES_PACKET_DEFAULT;
1143         if (tty_flag) {
1144                 window >>= 1;
1145                 packetmax >>= 1;
1146         }
1147         c = channel_new(
1148             "session", SSH_CHANNEL_OPENING, in, out, err,
1149             window, packetmax, CHAN_EXTENDED_WRITE,
1150             "client-session", /*nonblock*/0);
1151
1152         debug3("ssh_session2_open: channel_new: %d", c->self);
1153
1154         channel_send_open(c->self);
1155         if (!no_shell_flag)
1156                 channel_register_open_confirm(c->self,
1157                     ssh_session2_setup, NULL);
1158
1159         return c->self;
1160 }
1161
1162 static int
1163 ssh_session2(void)
1164 {
1165         int id = -1;
1166
1167         /* XXX should be pre-session */
1168         ssh_init_forwarding();
1169
1170         if (!no_shell_flag || (datafellows & SSH_BUG_DUMMYCHAN))
1171                 id = ssh_session2_open();
1172
1173         /* If we don't expect to open a new session, then disallow it */
1174         if (options.control_master == SSHCTL_MASTER_NO) {
1175                 debug("Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com");
1176                 packet_start(SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST);
1177                 packet_put_cstring("no-more-sessions@openssh.com");
1178                 packet_put_char(0);
1179                 packet_send();
1180         }
1181
1182         /* Execute a local command */
1183         if (options.local_command != NULL &&
1184             options.permit_local_command)
1185                 ssh_local_cmd(options.local_command);
1186
1187         /* Start listening for multiplex clients */
1188         muxserver_listen();
1189
1190         /* If requested, let ssh continue in the background. */
1191         if (fork_after_authentication_flag)
1192                 if (daemon(1, 1) < 0)
1193                         fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1194
1195         return client_loop(tty_flag, tty_flag ?
1196             options.escape_char : SSH_ESCAPECHAR_NONE, id);
1197 }
1198
1199 static void
1200 load_public_identity_files(void)
1201 {
1202         char *filename, *cp, thishost[NI_MAXHOST];
1203         char *pwdir = NULL, *pwname = NULL;
1204         int i = 0;
1205         Key *public;
1206         struct passwd *pw;
1207 #ifdef SMARTCARD
1208         Key **keys;
1209
1210         if (options.smartcard_device != NULL &&
1211             options.num_identity_files < SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES &&
1212             (keys = sc_get_keys(options.smartcard_device, NULL)) != NULL) {
1213                 int count = 0;
1214                 for (i = 0; keys[i] != NULL; i++) {
1215                         count++;
1216                         memmove(&options.identity_files[1],
1217                             &options.identity_files[0],
1218                             sizeof(char *) * (SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES - 1));
1219                         memmove(&options.identity_keys[1],
1220                             &options.identity_keys[0],
1221                             sizeof(Key *) * (SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES - 1));
1222                         options.num_identity_files++;
1223                         options.identity_keys[0] = keys[i];
1224                         options.identity_files[0] = sc_get_key_label(keys[i]);
1225                 }
1226                 if (options.num_identity_files > SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES)
1227                         options.num_identity_files = SSH_MAX_IDENTITY_FILES;
1228                 i = count;
1229                 xfree(keys);
1230         }
1231 #endif /* SMARTCARD */
1232         if ((pw = getpwuid(original_real_uid)) == NULL)
1233                 fatal("load_public_identity_files: getpwuid failed");
1234         pwname = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
1235         pwdir = xstrdup(pw->pw_dir);
1236         if (gethostname(thishost, sizeof(thishost)) == -1)
1237                 fatal("load_public_identity_files: gethostname: %s",
1238                     strerror(errno));
1239         for (; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1240                 cp = tilde_expand_filename(options.identity_files[i],
1241                     original_real_uid);
1242                 filename = percent_expand(cp, "d", pwdir,
1243                     "u", pwname, "l", thishost, "h", host,
1244                     "r", options.user, (char *)NULL);
1245                 xfree(cp);
1246                 public = key_load_public(filename, NULL);
1247                 debug("identity file %s type %d", filename,
1248                     public ? public->type : -1);
1249                 xfree(options.identity_files[i]);
1250                 options.identity_files[i] = filename;
1251                 options.identity_keys[i] = public;
1252         }
1253         bzero(pwname, strlen(pwname));
1254         xfree(pwname);
1255         bzero(pwdir, strlen(pwdir));
1256         xfree(pwdir);
1257 }