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1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12  *
13  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
14  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
15  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
16  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
17  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
18  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
19  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
20  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
21  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
22  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
23  */
24
25 #include "includes.h"
26 RCSID("$OpenBSD: auth2.c,v 1.42 2001/02/13 22:49:40 markus Exp $");
27
28 #include <openssl/evp.h>
29
30 #include "ssh2.h"
31 #include "xmalloc.h"
32 #include "rsa.h"
33 #include "pty.h"
34 #include "packet.h"
35 #include "buffer.h"
36 #include "log.h"
37 #include "servconf.h"
38 #include "compat.h"
39 #include "channels.h"
40 #include "bufaux.h"
41 #include "auth.h"
42 #include "session.h"
43 #include "dispatch.h"
44 #include "key.h"
45 #include "cipher.h"
46 #include "kex.h"
47 #include "pathnames.h"
48 #include "uidswap.h"
49 #include "auth-options.h"
50
51 /* import */
52 extern ServerOptions options;
53 extern u_char *session_id2;
54 extern int session_id2_len;
55
56 #ifdef WITH_AIXAUTHENTICATE
57 extern char *aixloginmsg;
58 #endif
59
60 static Authctxt *x_authctxt = NULL;
61 static int one = 1;
62
63 typedef struct Authmethod Authmethod;
64 struct Authmethod {
65         char    *name;
66         int     (*userauth)(Authctxt *authctxt);
67         int     *enabled;
68 };
69
70 /* protocol */
71
72 void    input_service_request(int type, int plen, void *ctxt);
73 void    input_userauth_request(int type, int plen, void *ctxt);
74 void    protocol_error(int type, int plen, void *ctxt);
75
76 /* helper */
77 Authmethod      *authmethod_lookup(const char *name);
78 struct passwd   *pwcopy(struct passwd *pw);
79 int     user_key_allowed(struct passwd *pw, Key *key);
80 char    *authmethods_get(void);
81
82 /* auth */
83 void    userauth_banner(void);
84 int     userauth_none(Authctxt *authctxt);
85 int     userauth_passwd(Authctxt *authctxt);
86 int     userauth_pubkey(Authctxt *authctxt);
87 int     userauth_kbdint(Authctxt *authctxt);
88
89 Authmethod authmethods[] = {
90         {"none",
91                 userauth_none,
92                 &one},
93         {"publickey",
94                 userauth_pubkey,
95                 &options.pubkey_authentication},
96         {"password",
97                 userauth_passwd,
98                 &options.password_authentication},
99         {"keyboard-interactive",
100                 userauth_kbdint,
101                 &options.kbd_interactive_authentication},
102         {NULL, NULL, NULL}
103 };
104
105 /*
106  * loop until authctxt->success == TRUE
107  */
108
109 void
110 do_authentication2()
111 {
112         Authctxt *authctxt = authctxt_new();
113
114         x_authctxt = authctxt;          /*XXX*/
115
116         /* challenge-reponse is implemented via keyboard interactive */
117         if (options.challenge_reponse_authentication)
118                 options.kbd_interactive_authentication = 1;
119
120         dispatch_init(&protocol_error);
121         dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST, &input_service_request);
122         dispatch_run(DISPATCH_BLOCK, &authctxt->success, authctxt);
123         do_authenticated2(authctxt);
124 }
125
126 void
127 protocol_error(int type, int plen, void *ctxt)
128 {
129         log("auth: protocol error: type %d plen %d", type, plen);
130         packet_start(SSH2_MSG_UNIMPLEMENTED);
131         packet_put_int(0);
132         packet_send();
133         packet_write_wait();
134 }
135
136 void
137 input_service_request(int type, int plen, void *ctxt)
138 {
139         Authctxt *authctxt = ctxt;
140         u_int len;
141         int accept = 0;
142         char *service = packet_get_string(&len);
143         packet_done();
144
145         if (authctxt == NULL)
146                 fatal("input_service_request: no authctxt");
147
148         if (strcmp(service, "ssh-userauth") == 0) {
149                 if (!authctxt->success) {
150                         accept = 1;
151                         /* now we can handle user-auth requests */
152                         dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST, &input_userauth_request);
153                 }
154         }
155         /* XXX all other service requests are denied */
156
157         if (accept) {
158                 packet_start(SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT);
159                 packet_put_cstring(service);
160                 packet_send();
161                 packet_write_wait();
162         } else {
163                 debug("bad service request %s", service);
164                 packet_disconnect("bad service request %s", service);
165         }
166         xfree(service);
167 }
168
169 void
170 input_userauth_request(int type, int plen, void *ctxt)
171 {
172         Authctxt *authctxt = ctxt;
173         Authmethod *m = NULL;
174         char *user, *service, *method, *style = NULL;
175         int authenticated = 0;
176
177         if (authctxt == NULL)
178                 fatal("input_userauth_request: no authctxt");
179
180         user = packet_get_string(NULL);
181         service = packet_get_string(NULL);
182         method = packet_get_string(NULL);
183         debug("userauth-request for user %s service %s method %s", user, service, method);
184         debug("attempt %d failures %d", authctxt->attempt, authctxt->failures);
185
186         if ((style = strchr(user, ':')) != NULL)
187                 *style++ = 0;
188
189         if (authctxt->attempt++ == 0) {
190                 /* setup auth context */
191                 struct passwd *pw = NULL;
192                 pw = getpwnam(user);
193                 if (pw && allowed_user(pw) && strcmp(service, "ssh-connection")==0) {
194                         authctxt->pw = pwcopy(pw);
195                         authctxt->valid = 1;
196                         debug2("input_userauth_request: setting up authctxt for %s", user);
197 #ifdef USE_PAM
198                         start_pam(pw->pw_name);
199 #endif
200                 } else {
201                         log("input_userauth_request: illegal user %s", user);
202 #ifdef USE_PAM
203                         start_pam("NOUSER");
204 #endif
205                 }
206                 setproctitle("%s", pw ? user : "unknown");
207                 authctxt->user = xstrdup(user);
208                 authctxt->service = xstrdup(service);
209                 authctxt->style = style ? xstrdup(style) : NULL; /* currently unused */
210         } else if (authctxt->valid) {
211                 if (strcmp(user, authctxt->user) != 0 ||
212                     strcmp(service, authctxt->service) != 0) {
213                         log("input_userauth_request: missmatch: (%s,%s)!=(%s,%s)",
214                             user, service, authctxt->user, authctxt->service);
215                         authctxt->valid = 0;
216                 }
217         }
218         /* reset state */
219         dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE, &protocol_error);
220         authctxt->postponed = 0;
221
222         /* try to authenticate user */
223         m = authmethod_lookup(method);
224         if (m != NULL) {
225                 debug2("input_userauth_request: try method %s", method);
226                 authenticated = m->userauth(authctxt);
227         }
228         if (!authctxt->valid && authenticated)
229                 fatal("INTERNAL ERROR: authenticated invalid user %s",
230                     authctxt->user);
231
232         /* Special handling for root */
233         if (authenticated && authctxt->pw->pw_uid == 0 &&
234             !auth_root_allowed(method))
235                 authenticated = 0;
236
237 #ifdef USE_PAM
238         if (authenticated && authctxt->user && !do_pam_account(authctxt->user,
239             NULL))
240                 authenticated = 0;
241 #endif /* USE_PAM */
242
243         /* Log before sending the reply */
244         auth_log(authctxt, authenticated, method, " ssh2");
245
246         if (!authctxt->postponed)
247                 userauth_reply(authctxt, authenticated);
248
249         xfree(service);
250         xfree(user);
251         xfree(method);
252 }
253
254 void
255 userauth_banner(void)
256 {
257         struct stat st;
258         char *banner = NULL;
259         off_t len, n;
260         int fd;
261
262         if (options.banner == NULL || (datafellows & SSH_BUG_BANNER))
263                 return;
264         if ((fd = open(options.banner, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
265                 error("userauth_banner: open %s failed: %s",
266                     options.banner, strerror(errno));
267                 return;
268         }
269         if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
270                 goto done;
271         len = st.st_size;
272         banner = xmalloc(len + 1);
273         if ((n = read(fd, banner, len)) < 0)
274                 goto done;
275         banner[n] = '\0';
276         packet_start(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER);
277         packet_put_cstring(banner);
278         packet_put_cstring("");         /* language, unused */
279         packet_send();
280         debug("userauth_banner: sent");
281 done:
282         if (banner)
283                 xfree(banner);
284         close(fd);
285         return;
286 }
287
288 void
289 userauth_reply(Authctxt *authctxt, int authenticated)
290 {
291         char *methods;
292
293         /* XXX todo: check if multiple auth methods are needed */
294         if (authenticated == 1) {
295 #ifdef WITH_AIXAUTHENTICATE
296                 /* We don't have a pty yet, so just label the line as "ssh" */
297                 if (loginsuccess(authctxt->user?authctxt->user:"NOUSER",
298                     get_canonical_hostname(options.reverse_mapping_check),
299                     "ssh", &aixloginmsg) < 0)
300                         aixloginmsg = NULL;
301 #endif /* WITH_AIXAUTHENTICATE */
302                 /* turn off userauth */
303                 dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST, &protocol_error);
304                 packet_start(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS);
305                 packet_send();
306                 packet_write_wait();
307                 /* now we can break out */
308                 authctxt->success = 1;
309         } else {
310                 if (authctxt->failures++ > AUTH_FAIL_MAX)
311                         packet_disconnect(AUTH_FAIL_MSG, authctxt->user);
312                 methods = authmethods_get();
313                 packet_start(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE);
314                 packet_put_cstring(methods);
315                 packet_put_char(0);     /* XXX partial success, unused */
316                 packet_send();
317                 packet_write_wait();
318                 xfree(methods);
319         }
320 }
321
322 int
323 userauth_none(Authctxt *authctxt)
324 {
325         /* disable method "none", only allowed one time */
326         Authmethod *m = authmethod_lookup("none");
327         if (m != NULL)
328                 m->enabled = NULL;
329         packet_done();
330         userauth_banner();
331
332         if (authctxt->valid == 0)
333                 return(0);
334
335 #ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
336         if (check_nt_auth(1, authctxt->pw->pw_uid) == 0)
337                 return(0);
338 #endif
339 #ifdef USE_PAM
340         return auth_pam_password(authctxt->pw, "");
341 #elif defined(HAVE_OSF_SIA)
342         return 0;
343 #else /* !HAVE_OSF_SIA && !USE_PAM */
344         return auth_password(authctxt->pw, "");
345 #endif /* USE_PAM */
346 }
347
348 int
349 userauth_passwd(Authctxt *authctxt)
350 {
351         char *password;
352         int authenticated = 0;
353         int change;
354         u_int len;
355         change = packet_get_char();
356         if (change)
357                 log("password change not supported");
358         password = packet_get_string(&len);
359         packet_done();
360         if (authctxt->valid &&
361 #ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
362                 check_nt_auth(1, authctxt->pw->pw_uid) &&
363 #endif
364 #ifdef USE_PAM
365             auth_pam_password(authctxt->pw, password) == 1)
366 #elif defined(HAVE_OSF_SIA)
367             auth_sia_password(authctxt->user, password) == 1)
368 #else /* !USE_PAM && !HAVE_OSF_SIA */
369             auth_password(authctxt->pw, password) == 1)
370 #endif /* USE_PAM */
371                 authenticated = 1;
372         memset(password, 0, len);
373         xfree(password);
374         return authenticated;
375 }
376
377 int
378 userauth_kbdint(Authctxt *authctxt)
379 {
380         int authenticated = 0;
381         char *lang = NULL;
382         char *devs = NULL;
383
384         lang = packet_get_string(NULL);
385         devs = packet_get_string(NULL);
386         packet_done();
387
388         debug("keyboard-interactive language %s devs %s", lang, devs);
389
390         if (options.challenge_reponse_authentication)
391                 authenticated = auth2_challenge(authctxt, devs);
392
393 #ifdef USE_PAM
394         if (authenticated == 0)
395                 authenticated = auth2_pam(authctxt);
396 #endif
397         xfree(lang);
398         xfree(devs);
399 #ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
400         if (check_nt_auth(0, authctxt->pw->pw_uid) == 0)
401                 return(0);
402 #endif
403         return authenticated;
404 }
405
406 int
407 userauth_pubkey(Authctxt *authctxt)
408 {
409         Buffer b;
410         Key *key;
411         char *pkalg, *pkblob, *sig;
412         u_int alen, blen, slen;
413         int have_sig, pktype;
414         int authenticated = 0;
415
416         if (!authctxt->valid) {
417                 debug2("userauth_pubkey: disabled because of invalid user");
418                 return 0;
419         }
420         have_sig = packet_get_char();
421         if (datafellows & SSH_BUG_PKAUTH) {
422                 debug2("userauth_pubkey: SSH_BUG_PKAUTH");
423                 /* no explicit pkalg given */
424                 pkblob = packet_get_string(&blen);
425                 buffer_init(&b);
426                 buffer_append(&b, pkblob, blen);
427                 /* so we have to extract the pkalg from the pkblob */
428                 pkalg = buffer_get_string(&b, &alen);
429                 buffer_free(&b);
430         } else {
431                 pkalg = packet_get_string(&alen);
432                 pkblob = packet_get_string(&blen);
433         }
434         pktype = key_type_from_name(pkalg);
435         if (pktype == KEY_UNSPEC) {
436                 /* this is perfectly legal */
437                 log("userauth_pubkey: unsupported public key algorithm: %s", pkalg);
438                 xfree(pkalg);
439                 xfree(pkblob);
440                 return 0;
441         }
442         key = key_from_blob(pkblob, blen);
443         if (key != NULL) {
444                 if (have_sig) {
445                         sig = packet_get_string(&slen);
446                         packet_done();
447                         buffer_init(&b);
448                         if (datafellows & SSH_OLD_SESSIONID) {
449                                 buffer_append(&b, session_id2, session_id2_len);
450                         } else {
451                                 buffer_put_string(&b, session_id2, session_id2_len);
452                         }
453                         /* reconstruct packet */
454                         buffer_put_char(&b, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST);
455                         buffer_put_cstring(&b, authctxt->user);
456                         buffer_put_cstring(&b,
457                             datafellows & SSH_BUG_PKSERVICE ?
458                             "ssh-userauth" :
459                             authctxt->service);
460                         if (datafellows & SSH_BUG_PKAUTH) {
461                                 buffer_put_char(&b, have_sig);
462                         } else {
463                                 buffer_put_cstring(&b, "publickey");
464                                 buffer_put_char(&b, have_sig);
465                                 buffer_put_cstring(&b, key_ssh_name(key));
466                         }
467                         buffer_put_string(&b, pkblob, blen);
468 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
469                         buffer_dump(&b);
470 #endif
471                         /* test for correct signature */
472                         if (user_key_allowed(authctxt->pw, key) &&
473                             key_verify(key, sig, slen, buffer_ptr(&b), buffer_len(&b)) == 1)
474                                 authenticated = 1;
475                         buffer_clear(&b);
476                         xfree(sig);
477                 } else {
478                         debug("test whether pkalg/pkblob are acceptable");
479                         packet_done();
480
481                         /* XXX fake reply and always send PK_OK ? */
482                         /*
483                          * XXX this allows testing whether a user is allowed
484                          * to login: if you happen to have a valid pubkey this
485                          * message is sent. the message is NEVER sent at all
486                          * if a user is not allowed to login. is this an
487                          * issue? -markus
488                          */
489                         if (user_key_allowed(authctxt->pw, key)) {
490                                 packet_start(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK);
491                                 packet_put_string(pkalg, alen);
492                                 packet_put_string(pkblob, blen);
493                                 packet_send();
494                                 packet_write_wait();
495                                 authctxt->postponed = 1;
496                         }
497                 }
498                 if (authenticated != 1)
499                         auth_clear_options();
500                 key_free(key);
501         }
502         debug2("userauth_pubkey: authenticated %d pkalg %s", authenticated, pkalg);
503         xfree(pkalg);
504         xfree(pkblob);
505 #ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
506         if (check_nt_auth(0, authctxt->pw->pw_uid) == 0)
507                 return(0);
508 #endif
509         return authenticated;
510 }
511
512 /* get current user */
513
514 struct passwd*
515 auth_get_user(void)
516 {
517         return (x_authctxt != NULL && x_authctxt->valid) ? x_authctxt->pw : NULL;
518 }
519
520 #define DELIM   ","
521
522 char *
523 authmethods_get(void)
524 {
525         Authmethod *method = NULL;
526         u_int size = 0;
527         char *list;
528
529         for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++) {
530                 if (strcmp(method->name, "none") == 0)
531                         continue;
532                 if (method->enabled != NULL && *(method->enabled) != 0) {
533                         if (size != 0)
534                                 size += strlen(DELIM);
535                         size += strlen(method->name);
536                 }
537         }
538         size++;                 /* trailing '\0' */
539         list = xmalloc(size);
540         list[0] = '\0';
541
542         for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++) {
543                 if (strcmp(method->name, "none") == 0)
544                         continue;
545                 if (method->enabled != NULL && *(method->enabled) != 0) {
546                         if (list[0] != '\0')
547                                 strlcat(list, DELIM, size);
548                         strlcat(list, method->name, size);
549                 }
550         }
551         return list;
552 }
553
554 Authmethod *
555 authmethod_lookup(const char *name)
556 {
557         Authmethod *method = NULL;
558         if (name != NULL)
559                 for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++)
560                         if (method->enabled != NULL &&
561                             *(method->enabled) != 0 &&
562                             strcmp(name, method->name) == 0)
563                                 return method;
564         debug2("Unrecognized authentication method name: %s", name ? name : "NULL");
565         return NULL;
566 }
567
568 /* return 1 if user allows given key */
569 int
570 user_key_allowed(struct passwd *pw, Key *key)
571 {
572         char line[8192], file[MAXPATHLEN];
573         int found_key = 0;
574         FILE *f;
575         u_long linenum = 0;
576         struct stat st;
577         Key *found;
578
579         if (pw == NULL)
580                 return 0;
581
582         /* Temporarily use the user's uid. */
583         temporarily_use_uid(pw->pw_uid);
584
585         /* The authorized keys. */
586         snprintf(file, sizeof file, "%.500s/%.100s", pw->pw_dir,
587             _PATH_SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS2);
588
589         /* Fail quietly if file does not exist */
590         if (stat(file, &st) < 0) {
591                 /* Restore the privileged uid. */
592                 restore_uid();
593                 return 0;
594         }
595         /* Open the file containing the authorized keys. */
596         f = fopen(file, "r");
597         if (!f) {
598                 /* Restore the privileged uid. */
599                 restore_uid();
600                 return 0;
601         }
602         if (options.strict_modes) {
603                 int fail = 0;
604                 char buf[1024];
605                 /* Check open file in order to avoid open/stat races */
606                 if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0 ||
607                     (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
608                     (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) {
609                         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf,
610                             "%s authentication refused for %.100s: "
611                             "bad ownership or modes for '%s'.",
612                             key_type(key), pw->pw_name, file);
613                         fail = 1;
614                 } else {
615                         /* Check path to _PATH_SSH_USER_PERMITTED_KEYS */
616                         int i;
617                         static const char *check[] = {
618                                 "", _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR, NULL
619                         };
620                         for (i = 0; check[i]; i++) {
621                                 snprintf(line, sizeof line, "%.500s/%.100s",
622                                     pw->pw_dir, check[i]);
623                                 if (stat(line, &st) < 0 ||
624                                     (st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
625                                     (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) {
626                                         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf,
627                                             "%s authentication refused for %.100s: "
628                                             "bad ownership or modes for '%s'.",
629                                             key_type(key), pw->pw_name, line);
630                                         fail = 1;
631                                         break;
632                                 }
633                         }
634                 }
635                 if (fail) {
636                         fclose(f);
637                         log("%s",buf);
638                         restore_uid();
639                         return 0;
640                 }
641         }
642         found_key = 0;
643         found = key_new(key->type);
644
645         while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
646                 char *cp, *options = NULL;
647                 linenum++;
648                 /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
649                 for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
650                         ;
651                 if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#')
652                         continue;
653
654                 if (key_read(found, &cp) == -1) {
655                         /* no key?  check if there are options for this key */
656                         int quoted = 0;
657                         debug2("user_key_allowed: check options: '%s'", cp);
658                         options = cp;
659                         for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t')); cp++) {
660                                 if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"')
661                                         cp++;   /* Skip both */
662                                 else if (*cp == '"')
663                                         quoted = !quoted;
664                         }
665                         /* Skip remaining whitespace. */
666                         for (; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
667                                 ;
668                         if (key_read(found, &cp) == -1) {
669                                 debug2("user_key_allowed: advance: '%s'", cp);
670                                 /* still no key?  advance to next line*/
671                                 continue;
672                         }
673                 }
674                 if (key_equal(found, key) &&
675                     auth_parse_options(pw, options, file, linenum) == 1) {
676                         found_key = 1;
677                         debug("matching key found: file %s, line %ld",
678                             file, linenum);
679                         break;
680                 }
681         }
682         restore_uid();
683         fclose(f);
684         key_free(found);
685         return found_key;
686 }
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