4 You will need working installations of Zlib and OpenSSL.
7 http://www.gzip.org/zlib/
9 OpenSSL 0.9.6 or greater:
10 http://www.openssl.org/
12 RPMs of OpenSSL are available at http://violet.ibs.com.au/openssh/files/support.
13 For Red Hat Linux 6.2, they have been released as errata. RHL7 includes
16 OpenSSH can utilise Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) if your system
17 supports it. PAM is standard on Redhat and Debian Linux, Solaris and
20 NB. If you operating system supports /dev/random, you should configure
21 OpenSSL to use it. OpenSSH relies on OpenSSL's direct support of
22 /dev/random. If you don't you will have to rely on ssh-rand-helper, which
23 is inferior to a good kernel-based solution.
26 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/
28 If you wish to build the GNOME passphrase requester, you will need the GNOME
29 libraries and headers.
34 Alternatively, Jim Knoble <jmknoble@jmknoble.cx> has written an excellent X11
35 passphrase requester. This is maintained separately at:
37 http://www.ntrnet.net/~jmknoble/software/x11-ssh-askpass/index.html
41 If your system lacks Kernel based random collection, the use of Lutz
42 Jaenicke's PRNGd is recommended.
44 http://www.aet.tu-cottbus.de/personen/jaenicke/postfix_tls/prngd.html
48 The Entropy Gathering Daemon (EGD) is supported if you have a system which
49 lacks /dev/random and don't want to use OpenSSH's internal entropy collection.
51 http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/
54 http://www.sparc.spb.su/solaris/skey/
56 If you wish to use --with-skey then you will need the above library
57 installed. No other current S/Key library is currently known to be
60 2. Building / Installation
61 --------------------------
63 To install OpenSSH with default options:
69 This will install the OpenSSH binaries in /usr/local/bin, configuration files
70 in /usr/local/etc, the server in /usr/local/sbin, etc. To specify a different
71 installation prefix, use the --prefix option to configure:
73 ./configure --prefix=/opt
77 Will install OpenSSH in /opt/{bin,etc,lib,sbin}. You can also override
78 specific paths, for example:
80 ./configure --prefix=/opt --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh
84 This will install the binaries in /opt/{bin,lib,sbin}, but will place the
85 configuration files in /etc/ssh.
87 If you are using PAM, you may need to manually install a PAM control
88 file as "/etc/pam.d/sshd" (or wherever your system prefers to keep
89 them). Note that the service name used to start PAM is __progname,
90 which is the basename of the path of your sshd (e.g., the service name
91 for /usr/sbin/osshd will be osshd). If you have renamed your sshd
92 executable, your PAM configuration may need to be modified.
94 A generic PAM configuration is included as "contrib/sshd.pam.generic",
95 you may need to edit it before using it on your system. If you are
96 using a recent version of Red Hat Linux, the config file in
97 contrib/redhat/sshd.pam should be more useful. Failure to install a
98 valid PAM file may result in an inability to use password
99 authentication. On HP-UX 11 and Solaris, the standard /etc/pam.conf
100 configuration will work with sshd (sshd will match the other service
103 There are a few other options to the configure script:
105 --with-rsh=PATH allows you to specify the path to your rsh program.
106 Normally ./configure will search the current $PATH for 'rsh'. You
107 may need to specify this option if rsh is not in your path or has a
110 --with-pam enables PAM support.
112 --enable-gnome-askpass will build the GNOME passphrase dialog. You
113 need a working installation of GNOME, including the development
114 headers, for this to work.
116 --with-prngd-socket=/some/file allows you to enable EGD or PRNGD
117 support and to specify a PRNGd socket. Use this if your Unix lacks
118 /dev/random and you don't want to use OpenSSH's builtin entropy
121 --with-prngd-port=portnum allows you to enable EGD or PRNGD support
122 and to specify a EGD localhost TCP port. Use this if your Unix lacks
123 /dev/random and you don't want to use OpenSSH's builtin entropy
126 --with-lastlog=FILE will specify the location of the lastlog file.
127 ./configure searches a few locations for lastlog, but may not find
128 it if lastlog is installed in a different place.
130 --without-lastlog will disable lastlog support entirely.
132 --with-sia, --without-sia will enable or disable OSF1's Security
133 Integration Architecture. The default for OSF1 machines is enable.
135 --with-kerberos4=PATH will enable Kerberos IV support. You will need
136 to have the Kerberos libraries and header files installed for this
137 to work. Use the optional PATH argument to specify the root of your
138 Kerberos installation.
140 --with-afs=PATH will enable AFS support. You will need to have the
141 Kerberos IV and the AFS libraries and header files installed for this
142 to work. Use the optional PATH argument to specify the root of your
143 AFS installation. AFS requires Kerberos support to be enabled.
145 --with-skey=PATH will enable S/Key one time password support. You will
146 need the S/Key libraries and header files installed for this to work.
148 --with-tcp-wrappers will enable TCP Wrappers (/etc/hosts.allow|deny)
149 support. You will need libwrap.a and tcpd.h installed.
151 --with-md5-passwords will enable the use of MD5 passwords. Enable this
152 if your operating system uses MD5 passwords without using PAM.
154 --with-utmpx enables utmpx support. utmpx support is automatic for
157 --without-shadow disables shadow password support.
159 --with-ipaddr-display forces the use of a numeric IP address in the
160 $DISPLAY environment variable. Some broken systems need this.
162 --with-default-path=PATH allows you to specify a default $PATH for sessions
163 started by sshd. This replaces the standard path entirely.
165 --with-pid-dir=PATH specifies the directory in which the ssh.pid file is
168 --with-xauth=PATH specifies the location of the xauth binary
170 --with-ipv4-default instructs OpenSSH to use IPv4 by default for new
171 connections. Normally OpenSSH will try attempt to lookup both IPv6 and
172 IPv4 addresses. On Linux/glibc-2.1.2 this causes long delays in name
173 resolution. If this option is specified, you can still attempt to
174 connect to IPv6 addresses using the command line option '-6'.
176 --with-ssl-dir=DIR allows you to specify where your OpenSSL libraries
179 --with-4in6 Check for IPv4 in IPv6 mapped addresses and convert them to
180 real (AF_INET) IPv4 addresses. Works around some quirks on Linux.
183 --with-sectok=DIR allows for OpenSC or sectok smartcard libraries to
184 be used with OpenSSH. See 'README.smartcard' for more details.
186 If you need to pass special options to the compiler or linker, you
187 can specify these as environment variables before running ./configure.
190 CFLAGS="-O -m486" LDFLAGS="-s" LIBS="-lrubbish" LD="/usr/foo/ld" ./configure
195 The runtime configuration files are installed by in ${prefix}/etc or
196 whatever you specified as your --sysconfdir (/usr/local/etc by default).
198 The default configuration should be instantly usable, though you should
199 review it to ensure that it matches your security requirements.
201 To generate a host key, run "make host-key". Alternately you can do so
202 manually using the following commands:
204 ssh-keygen -t rsa1 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key -N ""
205 ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -N ""
206 ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key -N ""
208 Replacing /etc/ssh with the correct path to the configuration directory.
209 (${prefix}/etc or whatever you specified with --sysconfdir during
212 If you have configured OpenSSH with EGD support, ensure that EGD is
213 running and has collected some Entropy.
215 For more information on configuration, please refer to the manual pages
216 for sshd, ssh and ssh-agent.
221 If you experience problems compiling, installing or running OpenSSH.
222 Please refer to the "reporting bugs" section of the webpage at
223 http://www.openssh.com/