4 You will need working installations of Zlib and OpenSSL.
7 http://www.gzip.org/zlib/
9 OpenSSL 0.9.5a or greater:
10 http://www.openssl.org/
12 RPMs of OpenSSL are available at http://violet.ibs.com.au/openssh/files/support.
13 For Red Hat Linux 6.2, they have been released as errata. RHL7 includes
16 OpenSSH can utilise Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) if your system
17 supports it. PAM is standard on Redhat and Debian Linux, Solaris and
21 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/
23 If you wish to build the GNOME passphrase requester, you will need the GNOME
24 libraries and headers.
29 Alternatively, Jim Knoble <jmknoble@jmknoble.cx> has written an excellent X11
30 passphrase requester. This is maintained separately at:
32 http://www.ntrnet.net/~jmknoble/software/x11-ssh-askpass/index.html
36 If your system lacks Kernel based random collection, the use of Lutz
37 Jaenicke's PRNGd is recommended.
39 http://www.aet.tu-cottbus.de/personen/jaenicke/postfix_tls/prngd.html
43 The Entropy Gathering Daemon (EGD) is supported if you have a system which
44 lacks /dev/random and don't want to use OpenSSH's internal entropy collection.
46 http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/
49 ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/
51 OpenSSH has only been tested with GNU make. It may work with other
52 'make' programs, but you are on your own.
54 PCRE (PERL-compatible Regular Expression library):
55 ftp://ftp.cus.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programing/pcre/
57 Most platforms do not require this. However older Unices may not have a
58 posix regex library. PCRE provides a POSIX interface.
61 http://www.sparc.spb.su/solaris/skey/
63 If you wish to use --with-skey then you will need the above library
64 installed. No other current S/Key library is currently known to be
67 2. Building / Installation
68 --------------------------
70 To install OpenSSH with default options:
76 This will install the OpenSSH binaries in /usr/local/bin, configuration files
77 in /usr/local/etc, the server in /usr/local/sbin, etc. To specify a different
78 installation prefix, use the --prefix option to configure:
80 ./configure --prefix=/opt
84 Will install OpenSSH in /opt/{bin,etc,lib,sbin}. You can also override
85 specific paths, for example:
87 ./configure --prefix=/opt --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh
91 This will install the binaries in /opt/{bin,lib,sbin}, but will place the
92 configuration files in /etc/ssh.
94 If you are using PAM, you may need to manually install a PAM control
95 file as "/etc/pam.d/sshd" (or wherever your system prefers to keep
96 them). Note that the service name used to start PAM is __progname,
97 which is the basename of the path of your sshd (e.g., the service name
98 for /usr/sbin/osshd will be osshd). If you have renamed your sshd
99 executable, your PAM configuration may need to be modified.
101 A generic PAM configuration is included as "contrib/sshd.pam.generic",
102 you may need to edit it before using it on your system. If you are
103 using a recent version of Red Hat Linux, the config file in
104 contrib/redhat/sshd.pam should be more useful. Failure to install a
105 valid PAM file may result in an inability to use password
106 authentication. On HP-UX 11 and Solaris, the standard /etc/pam.conf
107 configuration will work with sshd (sshd will match the other service
110 There are a few other options to the configure script:
112 --with-rsh=PATH allows you to specify the path to your rsh program.
113 Normally ./configure will search the current $PATH for 'rsh'. You
114 may need to specify this option if rsh is not in your path or has a
117 --with-pam enables PAM support.
119 --enable-gnome-askpass will build the GNOME passphrase dialog. You
120 need a working installation of GNOME, including the development
121 headers, for this to work.
123 --with-random=/some/file allows you to specify an alternate source of
124 random numbers (the default is /dev/urandom). Unless you are absolutely
125 sure of what you are doing, it is best to leave this alone.
127 --with-prngd-socket=/some/file allows you to enable EGD or PRNGD
128 support and to specify a PRNGd socket. Use this if your Unix lacks
129 /dev/random and you don't want to use OpenSSH's builtin entropy
132 --with-prngd-port=portnum allows you to enable EGD or PRNGD support
133 and to specify a EGD localhost TCP port. Use this if your Unix lacks
134 /dev/random and you don't want to use OpenSSH's builtin entropy
137 --with-lastlog=FILE will specify the location of the lastlog file.
138 ./configure searches a few locations for lastlog, but may not find
139 it if lastlog is installed in a different place.
141 --without-lastlog will disable lastlog support entirely.
143 --with-sia, --without-sia will enable or disable OSF1's Security
144 Integration Architecture. The default for OSF1 machines is enable.
146 --with-kerberos4=PATH will enable Kerberos IV support. You will need
147 to have the Kerberos libraries and header files installed for this
148 to work. Use the optional PATH argument to specify the root of your
149 Kerberos installation.
151 --with-afs=PATH will enable AFS support. You will need to have the
152 Kerberos IV and the AFS libraries and header files installed for this
153 to work. Use the optional PATH argument to specify the root of your
154 AFS installation. AFS requires Kerberos support to be enabled.
156 --with-skey=PATH will enable S/Key one time password support. You will
157 need the S/Key libraries and header files installed for this to work.
159 --with-tcp-wrappers will enable TCP Wrappers (/etc/hosts.allow|deny)
160 support. You will need libwrap.a and tcpd.h installed.
162 --with-md5-passwords will enable the use of MD5 passwords. Enable this
163 if your operating system uses MD5 passwords without using PAM.
165 --with-utmpx enables utmpx support. utmpx support is automatic for
168 --without-shadow disables shadow password support.
170 --with-ipaddr-display forces the use of a numeric IP address in the
171 $DISPLAY environment variable. Some broken systems need this.
173 --with-default-path=PATH allows you to specify a default $PATH for sessions
174 started by sshd. This replaces the standard path entirely.
176 --with-pid-dir=PATH specifies the directory in which the ssh.pid file is
179 --with-xauth=PATH specifies the location of the xauth binary
181 --with-ipv4-default instructs OpenSSH to use IPv4 by default for new
182 connections. Normally OpenSSH will try attempt to lookup both IPv6 and
183 IPv4 addresses. On Linux/glibc-2.1.2 this causes long delays in name
184 resolution. If this option is specified, you can still attempt to
185 connect to IPv6 addresses using the command line option '-6'.
187 --with-ssl-dir=DIR allows you to specify where your OpenSSL libraries
190 --with-4in6 Check for IPv4 in IPv6 mapped addresses and convert them to
191 real (AF_INET) IPv4 addresses. Works around some quirks on Linux.
193 If you need to pass special options to the compiler or linker, you
194 can specify these as environment variables before running ./configure.
197 CFLAGS="-O -m486" LDFLAGS="-s" LIBS="-lrubbish" LD="/usr/foo/ld" ./configure
202 The runtime configuration files are installed by in ${prefix}/etc or
203 whatever you specified as your --sysconfdir (/usr/local/etc by default).
205 The default configuration should be instantly usable, though you should
206 review it to ensure that it matches your security requirements.
208 To generate a host key, run "make host-key". Alternately you can do so
209 manually using the following commands:
211 ssh-keygen -t rsa1 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key -N ""
212 ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -N ""
213 ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key -N ""
215 Replacing /etc/ssh with the correct path to the configuration directory.
216 (${prefix}/etc or whatever you specified with --sysconfdir during
219 If you have configured OpenSSH with EGD support, ensure that EGD is
220 running and has collected some Entropy.
222 For more information on configuration, please refer to the manual pages
223 for sshd, ssh and ssh-agent.
228 If you experience problems compiling, installing or running OpenSSH.
229 Please refer to the "reporting bugs" section of the webpage at
230 http://www.openssh.com/