int x1, x2, x3; int g() { return x1 + x2 + x3; /* 1. uses x3 before definition */ } int f() { int loc; if (3 > 4) { loc = 3; return x1; /* 2, 3, 4. bad --- x1 not defined, x2, x3 not defined */ } else { if (4 > 6) { loc = x1; /* 5. x1 not defined */ loc = g(); /* 6. bad --- x1, x2 not defined before call (defines x2 and x3) */ loc = x3; } else if (2 > 3) { loc = x3; /* 7. x3 not defined */ x1 = 6; x2 = 7; return g(); } else { x1 = 6; x2 = 7; return 12; /* 8. returns with x3 not defined */ } } return 12; /* No errors to report. Previously, [9, 10. returns with x2 and x3 undefined (x1 IS defined on all branches!)] but this is not correct; all branches that can reach the return do define x1, x2 and x3. */ } int h (void) { return x1; /* okay */ }