+struct passwd *
+pwcopy(struct passwd *pw)
+{
+ struct passwd *copy = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*copy));
+
+ copy->pw_name = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
+ copy->pw_passwd = xstrdup(pw->pw_passwd);
+ copy->pw_gecos = xstrdup(pw->pw_gecos);
+ copy->pw_uid = pw->pw_uid;
+ copy->pw_gid = pw->pw_gid;
+#ifdef HAVE_PW_EXPIRE_IN_PASSWD
+ copy->pw_expire = pw->pw_expire;
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_PW_CHANGE_IN_PASSWD
+ copy->pw_change = pw->pw_change;
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_PW_CLASS_IN_PASSWD
+ copy->pw_class = xstrdup(pw->pw_class);
+#endif
+ copy->pw_dir = xstrdup(pw->pw_dir);
+ copy->pw_shell = xstrdup(pw->pw_shell);
+ return copy;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert ASCII string to TCP/IP port number.
+ * Port must be >=0 and <=65535.
+ * Return -1 if invalid.
+ */
+int
+a2port(const char *s)
+{
+ long long port;
+ const char *errstr;
+
+ port = strtonum(s, 0, 65535, &errstr);
+ if (errstr != NULL)
+ return -1;
+ return (int)port;
+}
+
+int
+a2tun(const char *s, int *remote)
+{
+ const char *errstr = NULL;
+ char *sp, *ep;
+ int tun;
+
+ if (remote != NULL) {
+ *remote = SSH_TUNID_ANY;
+ sp = xstrdup(s);
+ if ((ep = strchr(sp, ':')) == NULL) {
+ xfree(sp);
+ return (a2tun(s, NULL));
+ }
+ ep[0] = '\0'; ep++;
+ *remote = a2tun(ep, NULL);
+ tun = a2tun(sp, NULL);
+ xfree(sp);
+ return (*remote == SSH_TUNID_ERR ? *remote : tun);
+ }
+
+ if (strcasecmp(s, "any") == 0)
+ return (SSH_TUNID_ANY);
+
+ tun = strtonum(s, 0, SSH_TUNID_MAX, &errstr);
+ if (errstr != NULL)
+ return (SSH_TUNID_ERR);
+
+ return (tun);
+}
+
+#define SECONDS 1
+#define MINUTES (SECONDS * 60)
+#define HOURS (MINUTES * 60)
+#define DAYS (HOURS * 24)
+#define WEEKS (DAYS * 7)
+
+/*
+ * Convert a time string into seconds; format is
+ * a sequence of:
+ * time[qualifier]
+ *
+ * Valid time qualifiers are:
+ * <none> seconds
+ * s|S seconds
+ * m|M minutes
+ * h|H hours
+ * d|D days
+ * w|W weeks
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ * 90m 90 minutes
+ * 1h30m 90 minutes
+ * 2d 2 days
+ * 1w 1 week
+ *
+ * Return -1 if time string is invalid.
+ */
+long
+convtime(const char *s)
+{
+ long total, secs;
+ const char *p;
+ char *endp;
+
+ errno = 0;
+ total = 0;
+ p = s;
+
+ if (p == NULL || *p == '\0')
+ return -1;
+
+ while (*p) {
+ secs = strtol(p, &endp, 10);
+ if (p == endp ||
+ (errno == ERANGE && (secs == LONG_MIN || secs == LONG_MAX)) ||
+ secs < 0)
+ return -1;
+
+ switch (*endp++) {
+ case '\0':
+ endp--;
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ case 'S':
+ break;
+ case 'm':
+ case 'M':
+ secs *= MINUTES;
+ break;
+ case 'h':
+ case 'H':
+ secs *= HOURS;
+ break;
+ case 'd':
+ case 'D':
+ secs *= DAYS;
+ break;
+ case 'w':
+ case 'W':
+ secs *= WEEKS;
+ break;
+ default:
+ return -1;
+ }
+ total += secs;
+ if (total < 0)
+ return -1;
+ p = endp;
+ }
+
+ return total;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns a standardized host+port identifier string.
+ * Caller must free returned string.
+ */
+char *
+put_host_port(const char *host, u_short port)
+{
+ char *hoststr;
+
+ if (port == 0 || port == SSH_DEFAULT_PORT)
+ return(xstrdup(host));
+ if (asprintf(&hoststr, "[%s]:%d", host, (int)port) < 0)
+ fatal("put_host_port: asprintf: %s", strerror(errno));
+ debug3("put_host_port: %s", hoststr);
+ return hoststr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Search for next delimiter between hostnames/addresses and ports.
+ * Argument may be modified (for termination).
+ * Returns *cp if parsing succeeds.
+ * *cp is set to the start of the next delimiter, if one was found.
+ * If this is the last field, *cp is set to NULL.
+ */
+char *
+hpdelim(char **cp)
+{
+ char *s, *old;
+
+ if (cp == NULL || *cp == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+
+ old = s = *cp;
+ if (*s == '[') {
+ if ((s = strchr(s, ']')) == NULL)
+ return NULL;
+ else
+ s++;
+ } else if ((s = strpbrk(s, ":/")) == NULL)
+ s = *cp + strlen(*cp); /* skip to end (see first case below) */
+
+ switch (*s) {
+ case '\0':
+ *cp = NULL; /* no more fields*/
+ break;
+
+ case ':':
+ case '/':
+ *s = '\0'; /* terminate */
+ *cp = s + 1;
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ return old;
+}
+
+char *
+cleanhostname(char *host)
+{
+ if (*host == '[' && host[strlen(host) - 1] == ']') {
+ host[strlen(host) - 1] = '\0';
+ return (host + 1);
+ } else
+ return host;
+}
+
+char *
+colon(char *cp)
+{
+ int flag = 0;
+
+ if (*cp == ':') /* Leading colon is part of file name. */
+ return (0);
+ if (*cp == '[')
+ flag = 1;
+
+ for (; *cp; ++cp) {
+ if (*cp == '@' && *(cp+1) == '[')
+ flag = 1;
+ if (*cp == ']' && *(cp+1) == ':' && flag)
+ return (cp+1);
+ if (*cp == ':' && !flag)
+ return (cp);
+ if (*cp == '/')
+ return (0);
+ }
+ return (0);
+}
+
+/* function to assist building execv() arguments */
+void
+addargs(arglist *args, char *fmt, ...)
+{
+ va_list ap;
+ char *cp;
+ u_int nalloc;
+ int r;
+
+ va_start(ap, fmt);
+ r = vasprintf(&cp, fmt, ap);
+ va_end(ap);
+ if (r == -1)
+ fatal("addargs: argument too long");
+
+ nalloc = args->nalloc;
+ if (args->list == NULL) {
+ nalloc = 32;
+ args->num = 0;
+ } else if (args->num+2 >= nalloc)
+ nalloc *= 2;
+
+ args->list = xrealloc(args->list, nalloc, sizeof(char *));
+ args->nalloc = nalloc;
+ args->list[args->num++] = cp;
+ args->list[args->num] = NULL;
+}
+
+void
+replacearg(arglist *args, u_int which, char *fmt, ...)
+{
+ va_list ap;
+ char *cp;
+ int r;
+
+ va_start(ap, fmt);
+ r = vasprintf(&cp, fmt, ap);
+ va_end(ap);
+ if (r == -1)
+ fatal("replacearg: argument too long");
+
+ if (which >= args->num)
+ fatal("replacearg: tried to replace invalid arg %d >= %d",
+ which, args->num);
+ xfree(args->list[which]);
+ args->list[which] = cp;
+}
+
+void
+freeargs(arglist *args)
+{
+ u_int i;
+
+ if (args->list != NULL) {
+ for (i = 0; i < args->num; i++)
+ xfree(args->list[i]);
+ xfree(args->list);
+ args->nalloc = args->num = 0;
+ args->list = NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Expands tildes in the file name. Returns data allocated by xmalloc.
+ * Warning: this calls getpw*.
+ */
+char *
+tilde_expand_filename(const char *filename, uid_t uid)
+{
+ const char *path;
+ char user[128], ret[MAXPATHLEN];
+ struct passwd *pw;
+ u_int len, slash;
+
+ if (*filename != '~')
+ return (xstrdup(filename));
+ filename++;
+
+ path = strchr(filename, '/');
+ if (path != NULL && path > filename) { /* ~user/path */
+ slash = path - filename;
+ if (slash > sizeof(user) - 1)
+ fatal("tilde_expand_filename: ~username too long");
+ memcpy(user, filename, slash);
+ user[slash] = '\0';
+ if ((pw = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
+ fatal("tilde_expand_filename: No such user %s", user);
+ } else if ((pw = getpwuid(uid)) == NULL) /* ~/path */
+ fatal("tilde_expand_filename: No such uid %ld", (long)uid);
+
+ if (strlcpy(ret, pw->pw_dir, sizeof(ret)) >= sizeof(ret))
+ fatal("tilde_expand_filename: Path too long");
+
+ /* Make sure directory has a trailing '/' */
+ len = strlen(pw->pw_dir);
+ if ((len == 0 || pw->pw_dir[len - 1] != '/') &&
+ strlcat(ret, "/", sizeof(ret)) >= sizeof(ret))
+ fatal("tilde_expand_filename: Path too long");
+
+ /* Skip leading '/' from specified path */
+ if (path != NULL)
+ filename = path + 1;
+ if (strlcat(ret, filename, sizeof(ret)) >= sizeof(ret))
+ fatal("tilde_expand_filename: Path too long");
+
+ return (xstrdup(ret));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Expand a string with a set of %[char] escapes. A number of escapes may be
+ * specified as (char *escape_chars, char *replacement) pairs. The list must
+ * be terminated by a NULL escape_char. Returns replaced string in memory
+ * allocated by xmalloc.
+ */
+char *
+percent_expand(const char *string, ...)
+{
+#define EXPAND_MAX_KEYS 16
+ u_int num_keys, i, j;
+ struct {
+ const char *key;
+ const char *repl;
+ } keys[EXPAND_MAX_KEYS];
+ char buf[4096];
+ va_list ap;
+
+ /* Gather keys */
+ va_start(ap, string);
+ for (num_keys = 0; num_keys < EXPAND_MAX_KEYS; num_keys++) {
+ keys[num_keys].key = va_arg(ap, char *);
+ if (keys[num_keys].key == NULL)
+ break;
+ keys[num_keys].repl = va_arg(ap, char *);
+ if (keys[num_keys].repl == NULL)
+ fatal("%s: NULL replacement", __func__);
+ }
+ if (num_keys == EXPAND_MAX_KEYS && va_arg(ap, char *) != NULL)
+ fatal("%s: too many keys", __func__);
+ va_end(ap);
+
+ /* Expand string */
+ *buf = '\0';
+ for (i = 0; *string != '\0'; string++) {
+ if (*string != '%') {
+ append:
+ buf[i++] = *string;
+ if (i >= sizeof(buf))
+ fatal("%s: string too long", __func__);
+ buf[i] = '\0';
+ continue;
+ }
+ string++;
+ /* %% case */
+ if (*string == '%')
+ goto append;
+ for (j = 0; j < num_keys; j++) {
+ if (strchr(keys[j].key, *string) != NULL) {
+ i = strlcat(buf, keys[j].repl, sizeof(buf));
+ if (i >= sizeof(buf))
+ fatal("%s: string too long", __func__);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (j >= num_keys)
+ fatal("%s: unknown key %%%c", __func__, *string);
+ }
+ return (xstrdup(buf));
+#undef EXPAND_MAX_KEYS
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read an entire line from a public key file into a static buffer, discarding
+ * lines that exceed the buffer size. Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
+ */
+int
+read_keyfile_line(FILE *f, const char *filename, char *buf, size_t bufsz,
+ u_long *lineno)