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1 | 1. Prerequisites | |
2 | ---------------- | |
3 | ||
4 | You will need working installations of Zlib and OpenSSL. | |
5 | ||
6 | Zlib: | |
7 | http://www.freesoftware.com/pub/infozip/zlib/ | |
8 | ||
9 | OpenSSL 0.9.5a or greater: | |
10 | http://www.openssl.org/ | |
11 | ||
12 | RPMs of OpenSSL are available at http://violet.ibs.com.au/openssh/files/support | |
13 | ||
14 | OpenSSH can utilise Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) if your system | |
15 | supports it. PAM is standard on Redhat and Debian Linux and on Solaris. | |
16 | ||
17 | PAM: | |
18 | http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/ | |
19 | ||
20 | If you wish to build the GNOME passphrase requester, you will need the GNOME | |
21 | libraries and headers. | |
22 | ||
23 | GNOME: | |
24 | http://www.gnome.org/ | |
25 | ||
26 | Alternatively, Jim Knoble <jmknoble@pobox.com> has written an excellent X11 | |
27 | passphrase requester. This is maintained separately at: | |
28 | ||
29 | http://www.ntrnet.net/~jmknoble/software/x11-ssh-askpass/index.html | |
30 | ||
31 | The Entropy Gathering Daemon (EGD) is supported if you have a system which | |
32 | lacks /dev/random and don't want to use OpenSSH's internal entropy collection. | |
33 | ||
34 | EGD: | |
35 | http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/ | |
36 | ||
37 | GNU Make: | |
38 | ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/ | |
39 | ||
40 | OpenSSH has only been tested with GNU make. It may work with other | |
41 | 'make' programs, but you are on your own. | |
42 | ||
43 | 2. Building / Installation | |
44 | -------------------------- | |
45 | ||
46 | To install OpenSSH with default options: | |
47 | ||
48 | ./configure | |
49 | make | |
50 | make install | |
51 | ||
52 | This will install the OpenSSH binaries in /usr/local/bin, configuration files | |
53 | in /usr/local/etc, the server in /usr/local/sbin, etc. To specify a different | |
54 | installation prefix, use the --prefix option to configure: | |
55 | ||
56 | ./configure --prefix=/opt | |
57 | make | |
58 | make install | |
59 | ||
60 | Will install OpenSSH in /opt/{bin,etc,lib,sbin}. You can also override | |
61 | specific paths, for example: | |
62 | ||
63 | ./configure --prefix=/opt --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh | |
64 | make | |
65 | make install | |
66 | ||
67 | This will install the binaries in /opt/{bin,lib,sbin}, but will place the | |
68 | configuration files in /etc/ssh. | |
69 | ||
70 | If you are using PAM, you will need to manually install a PAM | |
71 | control file as "/etc/pam.d/sshd" (or wherever your system | |
72 | prefers to keep them). A generic PAM configuration is included as | |
73 | "contrib/sshd.pam.generic", you may need to edit it before using it on | |
74 | your system. If you are using a recent version of Redhat Linux, the | |
75 | config file in contrib/redhat/sshd.pam should be more useful. | |
76 | Failure to install a valid PAM file may result in an inability to | |
77 | use password authentication. | |
78 | ||
79 | There are a few other options to the configure script: | |
80 | ||
81 | --with-rsh=PATH allows you to specify the path to your rsh program. | |
82 | Normally ./configure will search the current $PATH for 'rsh'. You | |
83 | may need to specify this option if rsh is not in your path or has a | |
84 | different name. | |
85 | ||
86 | --without-pam will disable PAM support. PAM is automatically detected | |
87 | and switched on if found. | |
88 | ||
89 | --enable-gnome-askpass will build the GNOME passphrase dialog. You | |
90 | need a working installation of GNOME, including the development | |
91 | headers, for this to work. | |
92 | ||
93 | --with-random=/some/file allows you to specify an alternate source of | |
94 | random numbers (the default is /dev/urandom). Unless you are absolutely | |
95 | sure of what you are doing, it is best to leave this alone. | |
96 | ||
97 | --with-egd-pool=/some/file allows you to enable Entropy Gathering | |
98 | Daemon support and to specify a EGD pool socket. Use this if your | |
99 | Unix lacks /dev/random and you don't want to use OpenSSH's builtin | |
100 | entropy collection support. | |
101 | ||
102 | --with-lastlog=FILE will specify the location of the lastlog file. | |
103 | ./configure searches a few locations for lastlog, but may not find | |
104 | it if lastlog is installed in a different place. | |
105 | ||
106 | --without-lastlog will disable lastlog support entirely. | |
107 | ||
108 | --with-kerberos4=PATH will enable Kerberos IV support. You will need | |
109 | to have the Kerberos libraries and header files installed for this | |
110 | to work. Use the optional PATH argument to specify the root of your | |
111 | Kerberos installation. | |
112 | ||
113 | --with-afs=PATH will enable AFS support. You will need to have the | |
114 | Kerberos IV and the AFS libraries and header files installed for this | |
115 | to work. Use the optional PATH argument to specify the root of your | |
116 | AFS installation. AFS requires Kerberos support to be enabled. | |
117 | ||
118 | --with-skey will enable S/Key one time password support. You will need | |
119 | the S/Key libraries and header files installed for this to work. | |
120 | ||
121 | --with-tcp-wrappers will enable TCP Wrappers (/etc/hosts.allow|deny) | |
122 | support. You will need libwrap.a and tcpd.h installed. | |
123 | ||
124 | --with-md5-passwords will enable the use of MD5 passwords. Enable this | |
125 | if your operating system uses MD5 passwords without using PAM. | |
126 | ||
127 | --with-utmpx enables utmpx support. utmpx support is automatic for | |
128 | some platforms. | |
129 | ||
130 | --without-shadow disables shadow password support. | |
131 | ||
132 | --with-ipaddr-display forces the use of a numeric IP address in the | |
133 | $DISPLAY environment variable. Some broken systems need this. | |
134 | ||
135 | --with-default-path=PATH allows you to specify a default $PATH for sessions | |
136 | started by sshd. This replaces the standard path entirely. | |
137 | ||
138 | --with-pid-dir=PATH specifies the directory in which the ssh.pid file is | |
139 | created. | |
140 | ||
141 | --with-xauth=PATH specifies the location of the xauth binary | |
142 | ||
143 | --with-ipv4-default instructs OpenSSH to use IPv4 by default for new | |
144 | connections. Normally OpenSSH will try attempt to lookup both IPv6 and | |
145 | IPv4 addresses. On Linux/glibc-2.1.2 this causes long delays in name | |
146 | resolution. If this option is specified, you can still attempt to | |
147 | connect to IPv6 addresses using the command line option '-6'. | |
148 | ||
149 | --with-ssl-dir=DIR allows you to specify where your OpenSSL libraries | |
150 | are installed. | |
151 | ||
152 | --with-4in6 Check for IPv4 in IPv6 mapped addresses and convert them to | |
153 | real (AF_INET) IPv4 addresses. Works around some quirks on Linux. | |
154 | ||
155 | If you need to pass special options to the compiler or linker, you | |
156 | can specify these as environment variables before running ./configure. | |
157 | For example: | |
158 | ||
159 | CFLAGS="-O -m486" LFLAGS="-s" LIBS="-lrubbish" LD="/usr/foo/ld" ./configure | |
160 | ||
161 | 3. Configuration | |
162 | ---------------- | |
163 | ||
164 | The runtime configuration files are installed by in ${prefix}/etc or | |
165 | whatever you specified as your --sysconfdir (/usr/local/etc by default). | |
166 | ||
167 | The default configuration should be instantly usable, though you should | |
168 | review it to ensure that it matches your security requirements. | |
169 | ||
170 | To generate a host key, run "make host-key". Alternately you can do so | |
171 | manually using the following commands: | |
172 | ||
173 | ssh-keygen -b 1024 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key -N "" | |
174 | ssh-keygen -d -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key -N "" | |
175 | ||
176 | Replacing /etc/ssh with the correct path to the configuration directory. | |
177 | (${prefix}/etc or whatever you specified with --sysconfdir during | |
178 | configuration) | |
179 | ||
180 | If you have configured OpenSSH with EGD support, ensure that EGD is | |
181 | running and has collected some Entropy. | |
182 | ||
183 | For more information on configuration, please refer to the manual pages | |
184 | for sshd, ssh and ssh-agent. | |
185 | ||
186 | 4. Problems? | |
187 | ------------ | |
188 | ||
189 | If you experience problems compiling, installing or running OpenSSH. | |
190 | Please refer to the "reporting bugs" section of the webpage at | |
191 | http://www.openssh.com/ | |
192 |