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3c0ef626 | 1 | 1. Prerequisites |
2 | ---------------- | |
3 | ||
4 | You will need working installations of Zlib and OpenSSL. | |
5 | ||
dec6d9fe | 6 | Zlib 1.1.4 or 1.2.1.2 or greater (ealier 1.2.x versions have problems): |
cdd66111 | 7 | http://www.gzip.org/zlib/ |
3c0ef626 | 8 | |
700318f3 | 9 | OpenSSL 0.9.6 or greater: |
3c0ef626 | 10 | http://www.openssl.org/ |
11 | ||
cdd66111 | 12 | (OpenSSL 0.9.5a is partially supported, but some ciphers (SSH protocol 1 |
41b2f314 | 13 | Blowfish) do not work correctly.) |
3c0ef626 | 14 | |
9108f8d9 | 15 | The remaining items are optional. |
16 | ||
3c0ef626 | 17 | OpenSSH can utilise Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) if your system |
18 | supports it. PAM is standard on Redhat and Debian Linux, Solaris and | |
19 | HP-UX 11. | |
20 | ||
cdd66111 | 21 | NB. If you operating system supports /dev/random, you should configure |
22 | OpenSSL to use it. OpenSSH relies on OpenSSL's direct support of | |
23 | /dev/random. If you don't you will have to rely on ssh-rand-helper, which | |
700318f3 | 24 | is inferior to a good kernel-based solution. |
25 | ||
3c0ef626 | 26 | PAM: |
27 | http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/ | |
28 | ||
29 | If you wish to build the GNOME passphrase requester, you will need the GNOME | |
30 | libraries and headers. | |
31 | ||
32 | GNOME: | |
33 | http://www.gnome.org/ | |
34 | ||
c9f39d2c | 35 | Alternatively, Jim Knoble <jmknoble@pobox.com> has written an excellent X11 |
3c0ef626 | 36 | passphrase requester. This is maintained separately at: |
37 | ||
acc3d05e | 38 | http://www.jmknoble.net/software/x11-ssh-askpass/ |
3c0ef626 | 39 | |
40 | PRNGD: | |
41 | ||
cdd66111 | 42 | If your system lacks Kernel based random collection, the use of Lutz |
3c0ef626 | 43 | Jaenicke's PRNGd is recommended. |
44 | ||
45 | http://www.aet.tu-cottbus.de/personen/jaenicke/postfix_tls/prngd.html | |
46 | ||
47 | EGD: | |
48 | ||
49 | The Entropy Gathering Daemon (EGD) is supported if you have a system which | |
50 | lacks /dev/random and don't want to use OpenSSH's internal entropy collection. | |
51 | ||
52 | http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/ | |
53 | ||
3c0ef626 | 54 | S/Key Libraries: |
dec6d9fe | 55 | |
56 | If you wish to use --with-skey then you will need the library below | |
57 | installed. No other S/Key library is currently known to be supported. | |
58 | ||
3c0ef626 | 59 | http://www.sparc.spb.su/solaris/skey/ |
60 | ||
996d5e62 | 61 | LibEdit: |
9108f8d9 | 62 | |
63 | sftp supports command-line editing via NetBSD's libedit. If your platform | |
64 | has it available natively you can use that, alternatively you might try | |
65 | these multi-platform ports: | |
dec6d9fe | 66 | |
996d5e62 | 67 | http://www.thrysoee.dk/editline/ |
68 | http://sourceforge.net/projects/libedit/ | |
69 | ||
9108f8d9 | 70 | Autoconf: |
71 | ||
72 | If you modify configure.ac or configure doesn't exist (eg if you checked | |
799ae497 | 73 | the code out of CVS yourself) then you will need autoconf-2.61 to rebuild |
74 | the automatically generated files by running "autoreconf". Earlier | |
75 | version may also work but this is not guaranteed. | |
9108f8d9 | 76 | |
77 | http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/ | |
78 | ||
79 | Basic Security Module (BSM): | |
80 | ||
81 | Native BSM support is know to exist in Solaris from at least 2.5.1, | |
82 | FreeBSD 6.1 and OS X. Alternatively, you may use the OpenBSM | |
83 | implementation (http://www.openbsm.org). | |
84 | ||
85 | ||
3c0ef626 | 86 | 2. Building / Installation |
87 | -------------------------- | |
88 | ||
89 | To install OpenSSH with default options: | |
90 | ||
91 | ./configure | |
92 | make | |
93 | make install | |
94 | ||
95 | This will install the OpenSSH binaries in /usr/local/bin, configuration files | |
96 | in /usr/local/etc, the server in /usr/local/sbin, etc. To specify a different | |
97 | installation prefix, use the --prefix option to configure: | |
98 | ||
99 | ./configure --prefix=/opt | |
100 | make | |
101 | make install | |
102 | ||
cdd66111 | 103 | Will install OpenSSH in /opt/{bin,etc,lib,sbin}. You can also override |
3c0ef626 | 104 | specific paths, for example: |
105 | ||
106 | ./configure --prefix=/opt --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh | |
107 | make | |
108 | make install | |
109 | ||
110 | This will install the binaries in /opt/{bin,lib,sbin}, but will place the | |
111 | configuration files in /etc/ssh. | |
112 | ||
dec6d9fe | 113 | If you are using Privilege Separation (which is enabled by default) |
114 | then you will also need to create the user, group and directory used by | |
115 | sshd for privilege separation. See README.privsep for details. | |
116 | ||
3c0ef626 | 117 | If you are using PAM, you may need to manually install a PAM control |
118 | file as "/etc/pam.d/sshd" (or wherever your system prefers to keep | |
119 | them). Note that the service name used to start PAM is __progname, | |
120 | which is the basename of the path of your sshd (e.g., the service name | |
121 | for /usr/sbin/osshd will be osshd). If you have renamed your sshd | |
122 | executable, your PAM configuration may need to be modified. | |
123 | ||
124 | A generic PAM configuration is included as "contrib/sshd.pam.generic", | |
125 | you may need to edit it before using it on your system. If you are | |
126 | using a recent version of Red Hat Linux, the config file in | |
127 | contrib/redhat/sshd.pam should be more useful. Failure to install a | |
128 | valid PAM file may result in an inability to use password | |
129 | authentication. On HP-UX 11 and Solaris, the standard /etc/pam.conf | |
130 | configuration will work with sshd (sshd will match the other service | |
131 | name). | |
132 | ||
133 | There are a few other options to the configure script: | |
134 | ||
9108f8d9 | 135 | --with-audit=[module] enable additional auditing via the specified module. |
136 | Currently, drivers for "debug" (additional info via syslog) and "bsm" | |
137 | (Sun's Basic Security Module) are supported. | |
138 | ||
acc3d05e | 139 | --with-pam enables PAM support. If PAM support is compiled in, it must |
140 | also be enabled in sshd_config (refer to the UsePAM directive). | |
3c0ef626 | 141 | |
cdd66111 | 142 | --with-prngd-socket=/some/file allows you to enable EGD or PRNGD |
143 | support and to specify a PRNGd socket. Use this if your Unix lacks | |
144 | /dev/random and you don't want to use OpenSSH's builtin entropy | |
3c0ef626 | 145 | collection support. |
146 | ||
cdd66111 | 147 | --with-prngd-port=portnum allows you to enable EGD or PRNGD support |
148 | and to specify a EGD localhost TCP port. Use this if your Unix lacks | |
149 | /dev/random and you don't want to use OpenSSH's builtin entropy | |
3c0ef626 | 150 | collection support. |
151 | ||
cdd66111 | 152 | --with-lastlog=FILE will specify the location of the lastlog file. |
3c0ef626 | 153 | ./configure searches a few locations for lastlog, but may not find |
154 | it if lastlog is installed in a different place. | |
155 | ||
156 | --without-lastlog will disable lastlog support entirely. | |
157 | ||
cdd66111 | 158 | --with-osfsia, --without-osfsia will enable or disable OSF1's Security |
3c0ef626 | 159 | Integration Architecture. The default for OSF1 machines is enable. |
160 | ||
cdd66111 | 161 | --with-skey=PATH will enable S/Key one time password support. You will |
3c0ef626 | 162 | need the S/Key libraries and header files installed for this to work. |
163 | ||
164 | --with-tcp-wrappers will enable TCP Wrappers (/etc/hosts.allow|deny) | |
165 | support. You will need libwrap.a and tcpd.h installed. | |
166 | ||
167 | --with-md5-passwords will enable the use of MD5 passwords. Enable this | |
cdd66111 | 168 | if your operating system uses MD5 passwords and the system crypt() does |
169 | not support them directly (see the crypt(3/3c) man page). If enabled, the | |
170 | resulting binary will support both MD5 and traditional crypt passwords. | |
3c0ef626 | 171 | |
cdd66111 | 172 | --with-utmpx enables utmpx support. utmpx support is automatic for |
3c0ef626 | 173 | some platforms. |
174 | ||
175 | --without-shadow disables shadow password support. | |
176 | ||
cdd66111 | 177 | --with-ipaddr-display forces the use of a numeric IP address in the |
3c0ef626 | 178 | $DISPLAY environment variable. Some broken systems need this. |
179 | ||
180 | --with-default-path=PATH allows you to specify a default $PATH for sessions | |
181 | started by sshd. This replaces the standard path entirely. | |
182 | ||
183 | --with-pid-dir=PATH specifies the directory in which the ssh.pid file is | |
184 | created. | |
185 | ||
186 | --with-xauth=PATH specifies the location of the xauth binary | |
187 | ||
3c0ef626 | 188 | --with-ssl-dir=DIR allows you to specify where your OpenSSL libraries |
189 | are installed. | |
190 | ||
9108f8d9 | 191 | --with-ssl-engine enables OpenSSL's (hardware) ENGINE support |
192 | ||
3c0ef626 | 193 | --with-4in6 Check for IPv4 in IPv6 mapped addresses and convert them to |
194 | real (AF_INET) IPv4 addresses. Works around some quirks on Linux. | |
195 | ||
700318f3 | 196 | --with-opensc=DIR |
197 | --with-sectok=DIR allows for OpenSC or sectok smartcard libraries to | |
198 | be used with OpenSSH. See 'README.smartcard' for more details. | |
199 | ||
3c0ef626 | 200 | If you need to pass special options to the compiler or linker, you |
201 | can specify these as environment variables before running ./configure. | |
202 | For example: | |
203 | ||
204 | CFLAGS="-O -m486" LDFLAGS="-s" LIBS="-lrubbish" LD="/usr/foo/ld" ./configure | |
205 | ||
206 | 3. Configuration | |
207 | ---------------- | |
208 | ||
cdd66111 | 209 | The runtime configuration files are installed by in ${prefix}/etc or |
3c0ef626 | 210 | whatever you specified as your --sysconfdir (/usr/local/etc by default). |
211 | ||
cdd66111 | 212 | The default configuration should be instantly usable, though you should |
3c0ef626 | 213 | review it to ensure that it matches your security requirements. |
214 | ||
215 | To generate a host key, run "make host-key". Alternately you can do so | |
cdd66111 | 216 | manually using the following commands: |
3c0ef626 | 217 | |
218 | ssh-keygen -t rsa1 -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key -N "" | |
219 | ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key -N "" | |
220 | ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key -N "" | |
221 | ||
222 | Replacing /etc/ssh with the correct path to the configuration directory. | |
cdd66111 | 223 | (${prefix}/etc or whatever you specified with --sysconfdir during |
3c0ef626 | 224 | configuration) |
225 | ||
226 | If you have configured OpenSSH with EGD support, ensure that EGD is | |
227 | running and has collected some Entropy. | |
228 | ||
cdd66111 | 229 | For more information on configuration, please refer to the manual pages |
3c0ef626 | 230 | for sshd, ssh and ssh-agent. |
231 | ||
996d5e62 | 232 | 4. (Optional) Send survey |
233 | ------------------------- | |
234 | ||
235 | $ make survey | |
9108f8d9 | 236 | [check the contents of the file "survey" to ensure there's no information |
237 | that you consider sensitive] | |
996d5e62 | 238 | $ make send-survey |
239 | ||
240 | This will send configuration information for the currently configured | |
241 | host to a survey address. This will help determine which configurations | |
242 | are actually in use, and what valid combinations of configure options | |
243 | exist. The raw data is available only to the OpenSSH developers, however | |
244 | summary data may be published. | |
245 | ||
246 | 5. Problems? | |
3c0ef626 | 247 | ------------ |
248 | ||
cdd66111 | 249 | If you experience problems compiling, installing or running OpenSSH. |
3c0ef626 | 250 | Please refer to the "reporting bugs" section of the webpage at |
251 | http://www.openssh.com/ | |
252 | ||
253 | ||
254 | $Id$ |